火在生态系统中的作用

前言火对植被的影响是在近十多年来才被完全确认的。在二十世纪的大部分时间内,火常常被认为是破坏生态系统的非自然因子;然而,植被学家、人类学家、地理学家和其他许多学者都认为北美的土族印地安人和其他许多民族曾广泛地利用火作为土地管理的工具(Van-

Fire and Its Roles in Ecosystem

This paper describs kinds of fire, its effect on various components of ecosystem, adaptive characteristics of plant species to it, dependence of ecosystem on it and its role in the management and maintainence of ecosystem. It is considered that, as an important environmental factor in the evolution of various species of many ratural ecosystems on the earth, fire plays an important part in maintaining naturally functioning ecosystems and in helping to determine the structure and distribution of many of the world's plant and animal communities. To preserve an ecosystem, it is necessary to preserve all ecological processes under which that ecosystem evolved, including periodic big fires.