Lipoperoxidation affects ochratoxin A biosynthesis in Aspergillus ochraceus and its interaction with wheat seeds |
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Authors: | Massimo Reverberi Federico Punelli Marzia Scarpari Emanuela Camera Slaven Zjalic Alessandra Ricelli Corrado Fanelli Anna Adele Fabbri |
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Institution: | 1. Dipartimento di Biologia Vegetale, Università “Sapienza”, L.go Cristina di Svezia 24, 00165, Roma, Italy 3. Centro Integrato di Ricerca Metabolomica, IFO- S. Gallicano (IRCCS), Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Roma, Italy 2. Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare, CNR, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Roma, Italy
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Abstract: | In Aspergillus nidulans, Aspergillus flavus, and Aspergillus parasiticus, lipoperoxidative signalling is crucial for the regulation of mycotoxin biosynthesis, conidiogenesis, and sclerotia formation.
Resveratrol, which is a lipoxygenase (LOX) and cyclooxygenase inhibitor, downmodulates the biosynthesis of ochratoxin A (OTA)
in Aspergillus ochraceus. In the genome of A. ochraceus, a lox-like sequence (AoloxA; National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) accession number: DQ087531) for a lipoxygenase-like enzyme has been
found, which presents high homology (100 identities, 100 positives %, score 555) with a lox gene of Aspergillus fumigatus (NCBI accession number: XM741370). To study how inhibition of oxylipins formation may affect the A. ochraceus metabolism, we have used a ΔAoloxA strain. This mutant displays a different colony morphology, a delayed conidia formation, and a high sclerotia production.
When compared to the wild type, the ΔAoloxA strain showed a lower basal activity of LOX and diminished levels of 13-hydroperoxylinoleic acid (HPODE) and other oxylipins
derived from linoleic acid. The limited oxylipins formation corresponded to a remarkable inhibition of OTA biosynthesis in
the ΔAoloxA strain. Also, wheat seeds (Triticum durum cv Ciccio) inoculated with the ΔAoloxA mutant did not accumulate 9-HPODE, which is a crucial element in the host defence system. Similarly, the expression of the
pathogenesis-related protein 1 (PR1) gene in wheat seeds was not enhanced. The results obtained contribute to the current knowledge on the role of lipid peroxidation
governed by the AoloxA gene in the morphogenesis, OTA biosynthesis, and in host–pathogen interaction between wheat seeds and A. ochraceus. |
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