钢渣组分特征及其用于土壤改良的可行性初步研究

通过测定钢渣的化学组成分析得出其组分特征，进一步通过在有降解碱剂HPMA参与的重（轻）度盐碱土壤及钢渣中栽种不同植物种子（玉米、茄子、水稻和长春花），观察植物的长势，探究钢渣是否可以用于土壤改良。结果发现钢渣的化学成分与土壤基本相同，但部分成分如CaO、Fe₂O₃、MgO、MnO₂等显著高于土壤，而另外一些组分TiO₂、K₂O、Na₂O、P₂O₅在钢渣中未检测出来。对比重（轻）度盐碱土壤，钢渣与HPMA共同作用时，玉米、茄子、水稻和长春花等发芽率及生长速率明显提高；与常用的蛭石、珍珠岩改良剂对比实验中，不同植物存在类似的发芽率和生长速率，说明钢渣可以作为温室土壤结构改良剂；与钢渣产地丰富的树皮土资源配比形成复方改良剂，发现其具有类似花土（泥炭土）的生长速率和发芽率。初步研究表明，钢渣可以用于盐碱地改良，而且对于设施农业的土壤结构改良具有功效，与当地树皮土资源结合，具有形成复方土壤改良剂的潜力。

Preliminary Study on the Chemical Components of the Slag and Its Feasibility for Soil Improvement

In this study, we measured and analyzed the chemical composition of the slag. Different seeds (corn, eggplant, rice and periwinkle) were planted in the heavy (mild) saline-alkali soil and slag with HPMA agent. The growth of plants was observed, the feasibility of using this waste for soil improvements is the aim of this study. Comparison between slag and different soils showed that both had the similar chemical composition. Some components including CaO, Fe₂O₃, MgO, MnO₂ in slag was obviously higher than the soil, while some others including TiO₂, K₂O, Na₂O, P₂O₅ in slag was not detectable. Together with HPMA agent, slag mixing with saline alkali soil (heavy and mild) could significantly improve germination and growth rate of corn, eggplant, rice and periwinkle. Compared with typical greenhouse soil conditioners of vermiculite and perlite, similar germination and growth rate in different plants were observed in the slag matrix. Furthermore, similar to the function of flower soil (peat), germination and growth rate of variable plants manifested that mixture of slag and bark soil (an abundant local resource) can be used as a compound soil conditioner, which can enrich soil fertility and improve soil physical structure. The preliminary study showed that the slag can be used for saline alkali soil improvement and the soil structure improvement for facilities agriculture. It also has the potential for the formation of compound soil conditioner combined with the local bark soil resources.