兴隆山圈养马麝的行为多样性

综合焦点取样、扫描取样和连续记录等方法，对甘肃兴隆山麝场圈养马麝（Moschus sifanicus）的行为进行了长期的行为取样。应用行为多样性分析方法提取样本行为流的综合信息，采用行为多样性指数和矫正行为多样性指数作为检测指标，分析了圈舍面积和环境丰富性等圈养环境特征对马麝行为多样性的影响，以及性别、年龄、性活跃度和幼年经历等个体特征对其行为多样性格局的效应。结果表明：圈养设施的物理特征可影响马麝的行为多样性，圈养面积较大、环境丰富性较高的圈舍内的马麝行为多样性有相对较高的趋势（但差异不显著，P=0．934）；雌麝的行为多样性明显低于雄麝（P=0．019）；个体年龄（亦直接反映圈养时间）对雌麝行为多样性的降低效应极显著（P：0．001），但对雄麝没有影响（P=0．548）。马麝的行为多样性没有月间差异（雌：P=0．10；雄：P=0．109），可能与圈养环境及饲养管理等因子对行为多样性的影响有关。马麝的行为多样性格局同其性活跃度相关。繁殖失败的雌麝的行为多样性有比繁殖成功的雌麝有降低的趋势，但差异不显著（P=0．96）。幼年受到的哺育方式差异对野外捕获和麝场自繁的马麝的行为多样性未产生显著影响（雌：P=0．173；雄：P=0．306）。

Behavioral diversity of captive alpine musk deer in Xinglongshan Musk Deer Farm

A variety of sampling techniques were used to measure the behavioral diversity of captive alpine musk deer Moschus sifanicus in the Xinglongshan Musk Deer Farm. Results indicate that animals held in larger enclosures, with an enriched environment, exhibited significantly high levels of behavioral diversity. Behavioral diversity of female musk deer was lower than that measured for males, and declined with time spent in captivity. There were no seasonal effects upon measures of behavior, although sexually active females exhibited higher scores for behavioral diversity. The behavior of deer captured in the wild was significantly high diverse than for animals bred in captivity .