昆虫抗冻机理研究进展(英文)

大多数冰冻耐受性昆虫具有蛋白质／脂蛋白质或非溶性的晶体，它们相对地在较高温度下具有激活体内冰核的作用。最近已确证，许多昆虫肠道中正常的细菌和真菌是冰核激活菌丛。而对于非冰冻耐受性的昆虫，其存活是不允许体内冰的形成。它们在过冬过程中，关键是要调节体液的过冷却点，避免结冰。为了增加抗冻能力，非冰冻耐受性的过冬昆虫通过去除内源性冰核、积累低分子量的多元醇和糖类以及血淋巴中抗冻蛋白或抗冻肽的合成来降低体液的过冷却点。本文详尽综述了过冬昆虫抗冻机理的研究进展。

PROGRESS IN THE RESEARCH ON MECHANISM OF INSECT COLDHANDINESS

A number of freeze-tolerant insect speles contain proteins/lipoproteins or insoluble crystals that are ice nucleating active at relatively high subzero temperatures. Recently ice nucleating active bacteria and fungi have ben identified as normal flora in insect guts. However, most insects are unable to survive internal ice formation and the key factor in their overwintering survival is the regultion of the temperature at which they spontaneously freeze. To enhance their supercooling capacity ovewintering insects eliminate endogenous ice nucleators, accumulate low molecular weight polyols and sugars, and synthesize hemolymph antifreeze proteins or peptides. The factors affecting the supercooling capacity of overwintering insects or the mechanism of cold-hardiness are discussed.