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Consumption of Triazine Herbicide Atrazine by Laccase-positive and Laccase-negative Strains of Soil Fungus Mycelia sterilia INBI 2-26
Authors:L. G. Vasil'chenko  V. V. Khromonygina  O. V. Koroleva  E. O. Landesman  V. V. Gaponenko  T. A. Kovaleva  Yu. P. Kozlov  M. L. Rabinovich
Affiliation:(1) Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskii pr. 33, Moscow, 119071, Russia;(2) Faculty of Ecology, Russian University of People's Friendship, Moscow, 113093, Russia;(3) Institute of Resource Savings Ecology and Service Equipment, Moscow State University of Service, Moscow oblast, 141221, Russia
Abstract:Asporogenic fungus Mycelia sterilia INBI 2-26 isolated from tropical soils with high residual dioxin content (as a result of Agent Orange defoliant treatment during the Vietnamese–American war) and capable of atrazine decomposition was treated to obtain protoplasts. This technique resulted in isolation of laccase-positive and laccase-negative clones. Atrazine consumption by liquid surface cultures of Mycelia sterilia INBI 2-26 was monitored by using enzyme immune assay and reversed-phase HPLC. Atrazine (20 mgrg/ml) stimulated fungal growth. The laccase-positive clone consumed up to 80% of atrazine within four weeks. However, no correlation of atrazine consumption and laccase activity in the culture medium was observed. Moreover, the laccase-negative clone was also capable of consuming at least 60–70% of atrazine within three weeks. Surprisingly, in the corresponding control set (cultivation of laccase-negative clone without atrazine) an unidentified metabolite having a retention time and UV-spectrum similar to those of atrazine was also found. It was concluded that the presence of laccase was not a crucial factor in atrazine consumption by this fungus.
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