Antiviral defense by APOBEC3 family proteins |
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Authors: | Takaori Akifumi |
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Institution: | Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Japan. atakaori@kuhp.kyoto-u.ac.jp |
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Abstract: | APOBEC3G is a potent antiretroviral factor, which belongs to the APOBEC superfamily of cytidine deaminases. It deaminates cytidine to uridine in nascent minus-strand viral DNA, inducing G-to-A hypermutation in the plus-strand viral DNA. HIV-1 Vif protein overcomes the antiviral activity of APOBEC3G by targeting it for ubiquitin-dependent degradation. Recent accumulating evidences that other members of APOBEC proteins also show antiviral activity on a wide variety of viruses suggest that APOBEC family proteins play a crucial role in an antiviral defense as an innate immunity. Here, we review recent progress in research on APOBEC3 proteins. |
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