Impact of groundwater salinity on vegetation species richness in the coastal pine forests and wetlands of Ravenna,Italy |
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| Authors: | Marco Antonellini Pauline Nella Mollema |
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| Institution: | 1. Centro de Investigaciones sobre Desertificación-CSIC-UV-GV, Departamento de Degradación y Conservación de Suelos, Carretera de Moncada-Náquera km 4.5, 46115 Moncada, Valencia, Spain;2. Laboratori de Nutrició i Bromatologia, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitar de València, Av. Vicent Andrés Estellés s/n, 46100 Burjassot, València, Spain;1. GeoQuest Research Centre, School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong 2522, Australia;2. Water Wetland and Coastal Science NSW Office of Environment and Heritage, Australia;1. Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Universitetskaya Embankment, 1, Saint Petersburg 199034, Russia;2. Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Rostock, Rostock 18059, Germany;3. Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint Petersburg 194064, Russia;1. Campus Tecnológico e Nuclear, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade Técnica de Lisboa, Estrada Nacional 10, ao km 139,7, 2695-066 Bobadela LRS, Portugal;2. CEPGIST/CERENA, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade Técnica de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal;1. Department of Earth Sciences, “Sapienza” University, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy;2. Department of Physics and Earth Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Saragat 1, 44122 Ferrara, Italy;3. Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, Second University of Naples, Via Vivaldi 43, 81100 Caserta, Italy;1. Department of Environmental Science, University of Siena, Via P.A. Mattioli, 4, 53100 Siena, Italy;2. Gistat Laboratory, ISPRA, Istituto Superiore per la Protezione e la Ricerca Ambientale, Via di Casalotti 300, 00166 Roma, Italy |
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| Abstract: | In the coastal pine forests (Pinus pinea and Pinus pinaster) of Ravenna (Italy) along the Adriatic coast, many pine trees are stressed or dying. In this paper we present ground elevation, depth to watertable, salinity of groundwater and vegetation species richness data within one of the coastal pine forests and some wetlands north of the Bevano River between LAT. 44°23′10″ and LAT. 44°20′21″ and between LONG. 12°17′25″ and LONG. 12°19′33″. The data are presented areally and along a 50 m long transect perpendicular to the coast to study the cause of distress in the pine forest and in different water pools within the wetlands. The findings were compared to published values of tolerance to salinity for 39 plant species typical of the area and incorporated into a web application to help nature managers in assessing or adjusting water salinity in relation to the vegetation species present. The pine trees are relatively tolerant to salinity (up to 12 g/l) but cannot survive a shallow watertable. On the other hand, species richness or biodiversity in this area is promoted by a shallow watertable and low salinity. |
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