Effect of different macrophytes in abating nitrogen from a synthetic wastewater |
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| Authors: | Michela Salvato Maurizio Borin |
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| Institution: | 1. College of Water Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, PR China;2. Institute of Reproductive and Child Health, Ministry of Health Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, PR China;3. Reproductive Medical Center, Peking University People''s Hospital, Beijing 100044, PR China;1. Graduate Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Taiwan University, 71 Chou-Shan Rd., Taipei 106, Taiwan;2. Graduate Institute of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Mississippi State University, 71 Chou-Shan Rd., Taipei 106, Taiwan;1. Department of Biosystematics, Laboratory of Geobotany & Plant Conservation, Opole University, 45-052 Opole, Poland;2. Silesian Botanical Garden, Miko?ów, Poland;3. Department of Plant Taxonomy, Phytogeography and Herbarium, Institute of Botany, Jagiellonian University, Kopernika St. 27, 31-501 Kraków, Poland;4. Department of Biology and Ecology, University of Ostrava, 710 00 Ostrava, Czech Republic;1. Sino-France Institute of Earth Systems Science, Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, PR China;2. Institute of International Rivers and Eco-security, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, PR China;3. College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, PR China;4. Institute of Plant Nutrient and Environmental Resources, Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenyang, 110161, PR China;5. Institute of Soil Fertilizer and Environment Resource, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, 150086, PR China;6. Institute of Soil & Fertilizer and Resources & Environment, Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanchang, 330200, PR China;7. College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434025, PR China;8. National Engineering Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100021, PR China |
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| Abstract: | An experiment conducted in an unheated glasshouse from October 2006 to March 2008 studied the efficiency of different macrophytes in reducing NO3-N and NH4-N concentrations and loads in synthetic wastewaters. The experimental setup consisted of plastic tanks, filled with gravel and vegetated with Carex elata All., Juncus effusus L., Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin., Typhoides arundinacea L. Moench (syn Phalaris arundinacea L.) var. picta and Typha latifolia L. There was also a control without vegetation. From January to July, a solution of 50–60 ppm of NH4-N and NO3-N was applied monthly; then the input concentration was doubled. The total load at the end of the experimental period was 70.4 g/m2 of NO3-N and 67.3 of NH4-N. At the end of each month, water was discharged from the tanks and analysed to determine the two nitrogen forms. At the end of the experiment, 33 g/m2 of total N (almost 24% of applied N) had disappeared in the control. Among species, the highest abatement was detected in T. latifolia (72 g/m2, almost 52% of applied N) and the lowest in J. effusus (35%).A weekly chemical analysis in July showed that a large amount of NH4-N quickly disappeared in all treatments, while NO3-N only decreased in the vegetated tanks. In December, NH4-N had similar dynamics, while NO3-N increased.All water volumes entering and exiting the tanks were measured in order to evaluate evapotranspiration. T. latifolia showed the highest water consumption, reaching a cumulative value of above 1000 mm.At the end of the experiment, J. effusus presented the highest amount of nitrogen stored in the aerial parts (5.63 g/m2) and T. latifolia the lowest (1.92 g/m2). |
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