Emergy analysis of cassava chips-suitable feedstock for fuel ethanol in China |
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| Authors: | Hui Yang Li Chen Zongcheng Yan Honglin Wang |
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| Institution: | 1. College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PR China;2. Institute of China''s Economic Reform and Development, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, PR China;3. Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Fume and Dust Pollution Control, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, PR China;4. State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, PR China;5. Department of New Energy Science and Engineering, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, PR China;6. NAAM Group, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;7. State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, PR China;8. Department of Mathematics, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan;1. Department of Mechanical Engineering of Biosystems, College of Agriculture, Jahrom University, PO BOX 74135-111, Jahrom, Iran;2. Laboratory of Systems Ecology and Sustainability, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China;3. Economics School, Zhongnan University of Economics and Law, Wuhan 430073, China |
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| Abstract: | The theory and indices of Odum's concept of emergy are explained. The environmental and economic inputs and sustainability of cassava chips production system are evaluated by emergy methodology. The emergy indices of cassava chips production system were calculated as follows: Tr (transformity) was 6.85E + 11 sej/kg, EYR (emergy yield ratio) was 1.11, ELR (environmental loading ratio) was 1.75, EIR (emergy investment ratio) was 9.33, and ESI (emergy sustainability indice) was 0.63. The emergy indices of four kinds of feedstock for fuel ethanol—corn, wheat, sugarcane, and cassava chips—were compared. Least solar energy was consumed when taking cassava chips as feedstock for fuel ethanol. According to the emergy indices, using cassava chips as the feedstock of fuel ethanol is helpful for sustainable development in China. |
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