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Production of cyanopeptolins,anabaenopeptins, and microcystins by the harmful cyanobacteria Anabaena 90 and Microcystis PCC 7806
Authors:Linda Tonk  Martin Welker  Jef Huisman  Petra M. Visser
Affiliation:1. Aquatic Microbiology, Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, Nieuwe Achtergracht 127, 1018 WS Amsterdam, Netherlands;2. AnagnosTec GmbH, Am Mühlenberg 11, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany;1. Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, NCSR “Demokritos”, GR-153 10 Ag. Paraskevi, Greece;2. Department of Ichthyology & Aquatic Environment, University of Thessaly, GR-384 46 Volos, Greece;3. Department of Civil Engineering, University of Thessaly, GR-383 34 Volos, Greece;1. Joseph J. Zilber School of Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI, USA;2. Department of Chemistry, Carroll University, Waukesha, WI, USA;3. Menasha Drinking Water Treatment Plant, Menasha, WI, USA;4. Appleton Drinking Water Treatment Plant, Menasha, WI, USA;5. Department of Biological Sciences, University of Wisconsin - Milwaukee, WI, USA;6. Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene, Madison, WI, USA;1. University of Applied Sciences Northwestern Switzerland, School of Life Sciences, Gründenstrasse 40, CH-4132 Muttenz, Switzerland;2. University of Zürich, Institute of Plant Biology, Limnological Station, Seestrasse 187, CH-8802 Kilchberg, Switzerland;3. Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH Zürich), Institute of Biogeochemistry and Pollution Dynamics, Department of Environmental Systems Science, CH-8092 Zürich, Switzerland;1. Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510182, China;2. Key Laboratory of Algal Biology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China;3. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;4. College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
Abstract:This study investigated the effects of light intensity, temperature, and phosphorus limitation on the peptide production of the cyanobacteria Microcystis PCC 7806 and Anabaena 90. Microcystis PCC 7806 produced two microcystin variants and three cyanopeptolins, whereas Anabaena 90 produced four microcystin variants, three anabaenopeptins, and two anabaenopeptilides. Microcystin and cyanopeptolin contents varied by a factor 2–3, whereas the anabaenopeptins and anabaenopeptilides of Anabaena varied more strongly. Under phosphorus limitation, peptide production rates increased with the specific growth rate. The response of peptide production to light intensity and temperature was more complex: in many cases peptide production decreased with specific growth rate. We observed compensatory changes of different peptide variants: decreased cyanopeptolin A and C contents were accompanied by increased cyanopeptolin 970 contents, and decreased anabaenopeptin A and C contents were accompanied by increased anabaenopeptilide 90B contents. Compensatory dynamics in peptide production may enable cyanobacteria to sustain stable peptide levels in a variable environment.
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