基于16S rRNA序列推断红蹼树蛙、棱皮树蛙和白斑小树蛙的非单系性

测定了4个种(红蹼树蛙、黑蹼树蛙、白斑小树蛙和红吸盘小树蛙)共11个种群的16S rRNA基因片段。双斑树蛙、马来棱皮树蛙、越南棱皮树蛙以及日本溪树蛙的同源序列通过GenBank检索获得。去除所有插入、缺失及模糊位点后,比对序列长度为500bp,其中变异位点115个,简约信息位点92个。以日本溪树蛙为外群,运用Bayesian法、MP法和ML法构建了系统发育树。结果表明红蹼树蛙和白斑小树蛙在种级水平上均不是单系。红蹼树蛙海南种群与双斑树蛙亲缘关系更近,并且来自云南不同地理种群的红蹼树蛙可以分为两大支系;越南棱皮树蛙与红吸盘小树蛙聚为一支,马来棱皮树蛙嵌套在白斑小树蛙不同地理种群中。进而认为白斑小树蛙是马来棱皮树蛙的同物异名,建议将红吸盘小树蛙并入棱皮树蛙属。

Non-monophyly of Rhacophorus rhodopus, Theloderma and Philautus albopunctatus Inferred from Mitochondrial 16S rRNA Gene Sequences

Mitochondrial gene fragments of 16S rRNA gene of four species (Rhacophorus rhodopus, R.reinwardtii, Philautus albopunctatus and P.rhododiscus) from 11 populations were sequenced in this study. Homologous sequences of R.bipunctatus, Theloderma asperum, T.corticale and Buergeria japonica were obtained by screening the GenBank database. After excluding all gaps and ambiguous positions, aligned sequences were 500 bp in length with 115 variable sites and 92 parsimony-informative sites. Using B.japonica as an outgroup, phylogenetic relationships were analyzed using Bayesian inference, maximum parsimony and maximum likelihood methods. Our results indicated that neither of R.rhodopus and P.albopunctatus were monophyletic at the species level. The population of R.rhodopus from Hainan Island was more close to R.bipunctatus than to populations of R.rhodopus from Yunnan Province. Furthermore, the populations of R.rhodopus from Yunnan Province can be divided into two main lineages. Theloderma corticale and P.rhododiscus were clustered together and T.asperum was nested in P.albopunctatus. We considered that P.albopunctatus Liu and Hu, 1962, was the synonymy of T.asperum Boulenger, 1886, and suggested removing P.rhododiscus from Philautus into the genus Theloderma.