Innate lymphoid cells and gastrointestinal disease |
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| Institution: | 1. CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100101, China;2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;1. State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China;2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;3. Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospita, Hengyang MedicalSchool, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China;4. School of Life Science and Technology, Shanghai Tech University, Shanghai 200120, China;5. CAS Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, CAS-MPG Partner Institute for Computational Biology, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China;6. School of Life Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China;1. Institute of Modern Biopharmaceuticals, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Eco-Environment and Bio-Resource of the Three Gorges Area, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education Eco-Environment of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China;2. Shanghai Clinic and Research Center of Tuberculosis, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tuberculosis, Shanghai 200433, China;1. Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China;2. College of Agronomy, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops and National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450002, China;3. Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China;1. School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, China;2. Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, China;3. Center of Clinical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, China;4. Jiangsu Center for the Collaboration and Innovation of Cancer Biotherapy, Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, China;5. Department of Radiation and Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 450 West Drive, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7461, USA;6. Shenzhen Graduate School of Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China;1. High Altitude Medical Research Center of Tibet University/Center of Tibetan Studies (Everest Research Institute), Tibet University, 10 East Zangda Road, Lhasa, Tibet 850000, China;2. State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences & Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China;3. Institute for Six-sector Economy, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China;4. Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, Department of Anthropology and Human Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China;5. Tibet University-Fudan University Joint Laboratory for Biodiversity and Global Change, Tibet University, 10 East Zangda Road, Lhasa, Tibet 850000, China |
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| Abstract: | Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are a group of innate immune cells, which constitute the first line of defense in the immune system, together with skin and mucous membrane. ILCs also play an important role in maintaining the homeostasis of the body, particularly in the complex and diverse environment of the intestine. ILCs respond to different microenvironments, maintaining homeostasis directly or indirectly through cytokines. As a result, ILCs, with complex and pleiotropic characteristics, are associated with many gastrointestinal diseases. Their ability of transition among those subgroups makes them function as both promoting and inhibiting cells, thus affecting homeostasis and disease progressing to either alleviation or deterioration. With these special characteristics, ILCs theoretically can be used in the new generation of immunotherapy as an alternative and supplement to current tumor therapy. Our review summarizes the characteristics of ILCs with respect to category, function, and the relationship with intestinal homeostasis and gastrointestinal diseases. In addition, potential tumor immunotherapies involving ILCs are also discussed to shed light on the perspectives of immunotherapy. |
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| Keywords: | Innate lymphoid cells Gastrointestinal diseases Colorectal cancer Intestinal homeostasis Cytokines Cancer immune therapy |
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