芽胞杆菌Q13和Q14在猕猴桃叶面的定殖及其对叶面菌群的影响

为了进一步明确芽胞杆菌Q13、Q14菌株对猕猴桃叶枯病的生防作用,分别对芽胞杆菌Q13、Q14菌株在猕猴桃叶面上的定殖作用及其对叶面其他微生物种类和数量的影响进行了考察。结果表明,在田间条件下,芽胞杆菌Q13、Q14能在猕猴桃叶面定殖,但随时间的变化呈下降趋势;在无降雨等恶劣天气影响的情况下,该菌能在猕猴桃叶面有效定殖8 d左右,8 d后叶面检测到的Q13、Q14菌株的菌量为4.5×106cfu/g成熟叶。与未喷施菌剂的猕猴桃叶面菌群对比,喷施菌剂后的猕猴桃叶面细菌种类多了芽胞杆菌属(Bacillus subtilis),少了条件致病菌不动杆菌属(Acinetobacter soli);真菌在数量上癣囊腔菌(Plectosphaerellacucumerina)、Pseudozyma flocculosa和米曲霉菌(Aspergillus oryzae)增加了,泡状莫氏黑粉菌(Moesziomyces bullatus)和尖孢镰刀菌(Fusarium oxysporum)减少了。

Colonization of Bacillus Strains Q13 and Q14 on the Kiwifruit Leaf Surface and Their Effects on the Leaf Microbial Flora

To confirm the control efficacy of the Bacillus subtilis Q13 and Q14 strains against the bacterial withered leaf on kiwifruit,the colonization of Q13 and Q14 strains on kiwifruit leaves and their effects on the other microbial species and populations were investigated,respectively.The results of the field experiments showed that Q13 and Q14 strains could be colonized on kiwifruit leaves,but the population sizes of Q13 and Q14 strains declined with prolonging time.In the absence of rain and other inclement weather situations,Q13 and Q14 strains could be colonized on kiwifruit leaves for 8 days,and the population sizes of Q13 and Q14 strains received 4.5× 106 cfu/g after the treatment for 8 days.Compared with the leaf microorganisms of kiwifruit without spraying agents,Bacillus subtilis were detected and the opportunistic pathogen Acinetobacter soli disappeared.The populations of Plectosphaerella cucumerina,Pseudozyma flocculosa and Aspergillus oryzae increased,while the Moesziomyces bullatus and Fusarium oxysporum decreased.