细菌脂肪酶分泌的研究进展

细菌脂肪酶是一类重要的工业用酶,其分泌系统有着严谨的机制。革兰阳性细菌利用Sec-转运系统使脂肪酶跨过质膜完成分泌;革兰氏阴性细菌的外泌蛋白通过Sec-转运系统、Tat-转运系统或其他机制跨越内膜后,还必须利用Ⅰ型、Ⅱ型、Ⅲ型、Ⅳ型与Ⅴ型分泌系统来完成跨外膜分泌。详细介绍细菌脂肪酶分泌主要依赖的Sec-或Tat-跨内膜的转运系统及革兰氏阴性细菌的Ⅰ型、Ⅱ型与Ⅴ型自分泌系统的3种不同分泌方式。细菌脂肪酶分泌的研究对人们认识其分泌机制,并利用基因工程的手段提高其外泌产量等具有重要的指导意义。

Research Progress on Bacterial Lipase Secretion

Lipases represent the most important class of enzymes used in industry.Lipases secretion across the inner membrane of both gram-positive and gram-negative organisms generally follows the same routes,involving the Sec-dependent pathway or twin-arginine translocation(Tat)pathways.Translocation across the gram-negative inner membrane results in release of the protein into the periplasmic space.Therefore,gram-negative bacteria have evolved I-V five dedicated secretion systems in order to achieve translocation of these proteins to the cell surface and beyond.In this review,we comprehensively describe the Sec-dependent pathway,Tat translocation pathways,type I secretion system,type II secretion system and type V secretion system involved in the lipases secretion.The researches on lipase secretion provide vital sources for improving the secretion production of bacterial lipases by the genetic engineering methods.