Effect of variation of environmental conditions on the microbial communities of deep-sea vent chimneys, cultured in a bioreactor |
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Authors: | Nathalie Byrne Françoise Lesongeur Nadège Bienvenu Claire Geslin Karine Alain Daniel Prieur Anne Godfroy |
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Institution: | (1) Laboratoire de Microbiologie des Environnements Extrêmes, UMR6197 IFREMER, Centre de Brest, BP70/IUEM-Place Nicolas Copernic, 29280 Plouzané, France |
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Abstract: | Both cultivation and molecular techniques were used to investigate the microbial diversity and dynamic of a deep-sea vent
chimney. The enrichment cultures performed in a gas-lift bioreactor were inoculated with a black smoker chimney sample collected
on TAG site on the mid-Atlantic ridge. To mimic as close as possible environmental conditions, the cultures were performed
in oligotrophic medium with nitrogen, hydrogen and carbon dioxide (N2/H2/CO2) gas sweeping. Also, the temperature was first settled at a temperature of 85°C and colloidal sulphur was added. Then, the
temperature was lowered to 60°C and sulphur was omitted. Archaeal and bacterial diversity was studied in both culture and
natural samples. Through 16S rRNA gene sequences analysis of the enrichment cultures microorganisms affiliated to Archeoglobales,
Thermococcales were detected in both conditions while, Deferribacterales and Thermales were detected only at 65°C in the absence
of sulphur. Single-stranded conformational polymorphism and quantitative PCR permit to study the microbial community dynamic
during the two enrichment cultures. The effect of environmental changes (modification of culture conditions), i.e. temperature,
medium composition, electron donors and acceptors availability were shown to affect the microbial community in culture, as
this would happen in their environment. The effect of environmental changes, i.e. temperature and medium composition was shown
to affect the microbial community in culture, as this could happen in their environment. The modification of culture conditions,
such as temperature, organic matter concentration, electron donors and acceptors availability allowed to enrich different
population of prokaryotes inhabiting hydrothermal chimneys. |
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Keywords: | Deep-sea hydrothermal vent Microbial diversity Continuous enrichment culture Bioreactor Environmental condition Oligotrophic condition 16S rRNA genes |
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