Effect of seed extracts of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Withania somnifera,Croton tiglium</Emphasis> and <Emphasis Type="Italic">Hygrophila auriculata</Emphasis> on behavior and physiology of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Odontotermes obesus</Emphasis> (Isoptera,Termitidae) |
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Authors: | Sohail Ahmed Mohammad Asam Riaz Amjad Hameed Malik Mohammad Shahid |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Agricultural Entomology, University of Agriculture, 38040 Faisalabad, Pakistan;(2) SO, Nuclear Institute Agriculture and Biology (NIAB), Faisalabad, Pakistan;(3) Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan |
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Abstract: | In addition to antibiotic properties, medicinal plants are important sources of chemicals with potential application as pesticides.
The present study deals with antitermitic potential of seed extracts of Withania somnifera (Indian ginseng), Croton tiglium (jamalgoota) and Hygrophila auriculata (talimkhana). The seed extracts caused changes in tunneling behaviour, number of bacterial colonies in hindgut and activities
of enzymes in midgut of Odontotermes obesus. C. tiglium showed the lowest LT50 (12.85 and 2.65 h) among the three seed extracts at concentrations of 50% (half dilution of the extract) and 100% (extract
without dilution), respectively. There was no tunneling in soil treated with 100% concentration of seed extracts of W. somnifera and C. tiglium. Numbers of bacterial colonies in the gut of termites from soils treated with 50% and 100% concentrations of the three plants
did not differ significantly, but they differed from those in termites from untreated soil. At 50% concentrations of seed
extracts of the tested plants, the difference in hindgut enzyme activities was not obvious, however, at 100% concentrations
the enzyme activities in the termites from soils treated with seed extracts significantly differed from controls and differences
were also recorded between the plants. |
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Keywords: | Odontotermes obesus Withania somnifera Croton tiglium Hygrophila auriculata tunneling proteinases cellulases esterases |
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