中国蒿属沙生地理替代种亲缘关系的RAPD分析

运用随机扩增多态性DNA技术对中国蒿属沙生地理替代种共23个地理种群的遗传差异进行了检测，15个引物共获得303个位点。根据遗传距离的聚类分析结果显示：每个种的不同种群均各自聚到一起，反映出种间存在着一定的遗传分化。23个种群被分为三大支，白沙蒿与准噶尔沙蒿为一支，表明两者有着很近的亲缘关系。黑沙蒿、褐沙蒿、差不嘎蒿聚为一支，且遗传距离很小，反映出三个种有着最近的亲缘关系，乌丹蒿则自成一支，与其它种亲缘关系较远。结合形态与分布，提出褐沙蒿应作为黑沙蒿的地理亚种。

Genetic Relationships of the Sand Geographical Substitute Species of Genus Artemisia in China by RAPD Marker

23 populations of the six species were collected from respective distribution range and were analyzed using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers. A total of 303 loci were obtained from 15 random primers. The cluster analysis basing on genetic distances demonstrated that the populations of every species were clustered together respectively. Then the populations of A. intramongolica were clustered together with the populations of A. ordosica, following with the populations of A. halodendron. It indicated that genetic relationships of this three species were the nearest, and it was more near between A. intramongolica and A. ordosica. The populations of A. sphaerocephala were clustered together with the population of A. songarica indicated that genetic relationship of the two species were near. A. wudanica was an independent branch, so the kinships between A. wudanica and others were far. The cluster analysis on the species demonstrated the same results. A. intramongolica was regarded as geographic subspecies of A. ordosica because of their populations being the nearest according to the cluster analysis, their genetic identity amounting to 0.964 1, their small calathide and similar morphological characteristic.