长角血蜱雌蜱感染嗜菌异小杆线虫后血淋巴的变化

用嗜菌异小杆线虫Heterorhabditis bacteriophora E-6-7(Hb E-6-7)感染长角血蜱Haemaphysalis longicornis雌蜱，测定感染后雌蜱血淋巴总蛋白含量、酯酶活性及酯酶同工酶的变化，以探讨昆虫病原线虫对蜱的致病机理。结果显示，雌蜱血淋巴总蛋白含量在Hb E-6-7感染后12 h显著增加，达到最大值92.21 μg/μL；在感染后24 h明显下降（49.06 μg/μL）；至感染后48 h降至34.25 μg/μL。雌蜱血淋巴酯酶活性在线虫感染后0～12 h内无显著变化；在感染24 h后迅速增加（OD_24h=0.1840，OD_36h=0.1940，OD_48h=0.2165），与对照组差异显著。PAGE结果表明，线虫感染后导致雌蜱血淋巴酯酶同工酶电泳图谱发生变化，主要为电泳图谱两端a带和b带的消失以及一条c带的增加。上述结果表明，长角血蜱雌蜱被Hb E-6-7感染后其血淋巴总蛋白含量和酯酶发生变化，这种变化可能与蜱的防御和对昆虫病原线虫的适应有关。

Changes in the hemolymph of female Haemaphysalis longicornis Neumann (Acari: Ixodidae) after infection by Heterorhabditis bacteriophora (Nematoda: Heterorhabditidae)

For increasing our knowledge on the pathology of entomopathogenic nematodes to ticks, the changes of total protein level, esterase activity and esterase bands in the hemolymph of female Haemaphysalis longicornis Neumann after infection by the nematode Heterorhabditis bacteriophora E-6-7 (Hb E-6-7) were detected. The results showed that in 12 h after infection, the total protein in the hemolymph increased sharply to a maximum (92.21 μg/μL) and declined later, to 49.06 μg/μL in 24 h after infection and 34.25 μg/μL in 48 h after infection. The female esterase activity in the hemolymph showed no significant change during 0－12 h after infection, and it rapidly increased from 24 h after infection (OD_24h=0.1840, OD_36h=0.1940，OD_48h=0.2165), showing significant difference with the control. PAGE analysis revealed that nematode infection resulted in the change of esterase electrophoresis profile, mainly with the bands a and b disappeared and a new band cappeared. The above results indicated that Hb E-6-7 infection could cause the changes of total protein and esterase in the hemolymph of female H.longicornis, and these changes might be related to the resistance and adaptation of ticks to entomopathogenic nematodes.