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Long intervals of stasis punctuated by bursts of positive selection in the seasonal evolution of influenza A virus |
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| Authors: | Yuri I Wolf Cecile Viboud Edward C Holmes Eugene V Koonin David J Lipman |
| Institution: | (1) National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of MedicineNational Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA;(2) Fogarty International Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA;(3) Center for Infectious Disease Dynamics, Department of Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA |
| Abstract: | BackgroundThe interpandemic evolution of the influenza A virus hemagglutinin (HA) protein is commonly considered a paragon of rapid evolutionary change under positive selection in which amino acid replacements are fixed by virtue of their effect on antigenicity, enabling the virus to evade immune surveillance. |
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