Current status in production and utilization of dihaploids from somatic hybrids between eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) and its wild relatives |
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Authors: | Giuseppe Leonardo Rotino Darasinh Sihachakr Fulvia Rizza Giampiero Valè Maria Grazia Tacconi Placido Alberti Giuseppe Mennella Emidio Sabatini Laura Toppino Antonietta D’Alessandro Nazzareno Acciarri |
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Institution: | (1) CRA — Istituto Sperimentale per l’Orticoltura- Sezione di Montanaso Lombardo (LO), Italy;(2) Ecologie, Systématique, Evolution, Université Paris, UPS/CNRS, Orsay, France;(3) CRA — Istituto Sperimentale per la Cerealicoltura- Sezione di Fiorenzuola d’Arda (PC), Italy;(4) CRA — Istituto Sperimentale per l’Orticoltura, P.O. BOX, 48 I-84098 Pontecagnano (SA), Italy;(5) CRA — Istituto Sperimentale per l’Orticoltura, I-63030 Monsampolo del Tronto (AP), Italy |
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Abstract: | The major constrains for practical exploitation of the somatic hybrids between eggplant and its wild relatives have been their
sterility and tetraploidy which prevented their incorporation into breeding programs. Here we demonstrate that anther culture
was successfully utilized to bring back the ploidy level to the diploid status in tetraploid interspecific hybrids between
eggplant and the allied species S. integrifolium and S. aethiopicum gr. gilo. Both the relative species are resistant to Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. melongenae and to some strains of bacterial wilt (Ralstonia solanacearum) which are very destructive diseases of eggplant. Dihaploid androgenetic plants were obtained from the somatic hybrids, from
the “double somatic hybrid” obtained by sexual cross of the two somatic hybrids (eggplant + S. aethiopicum) × (eggplant + S. integrifolium)], and from tetraploid backcrossed plants between the somatic hybrid with S. aethiopicum and eggplant. Phenotypical, molecular, biological and biochemical characterization, and also artificial inoculation with
Fusarium oxysporum are consistent with a recombination between the genomes of the species involved in the hybridizations. Dihaploids resistant
to Fusarium were successfully backcrossed with eggplant. Besides their utility as potential valuable breeding materials, the introgressed
lines obtained may be utilized in genetic and molecular studies about the resistance to Fusarium from S. integrifolium and S. aethiopicum gr. gilo. |
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Keywords: | anther culture dihaploid plants Fusarium oxysporum f sp melongenae Solanum aethiopicum S integrifolium somatic hybridization |
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