基于景感生态学理念的乡村社会-生态系统供给服务研究

乡村社会-生态系统的稳定和可持续发展为农业农村现代化的实现奠定着基础，在稳定社会经济发展、提高城乡居民福祉方面发挥着重要作用。服务性公共设施作为乡村社会-生态系统供给服务的重要组成部分，代表了乡村的发展水平与该地区居民生活质量水平。研究公共服务设施的空间分布特征和综合评价其供给服务可改善乡村社会-生态系统结构，为城乡居民提供高质量的社会生态系统服务。以厦门市岛外城市化乡村为研究对象，通过厦门市岛外POI数据和乡村社会经济统计数据，以公共服务设施为景感载体，分析其空间分布和测度其供给服务水平，采用核密度分析方法与熵值分析法，分析厦门市乡村社会-生态系统供给服务空间分布特征，结合人口、经济、距岛内核心区距离等指标对各村庄社会-生态系统供给服务能力进行皮尔逊相关性分析。研究发现厦门乡村公共设施供给服务能力表现为集美区 > 海沧区 > 同安区 > 翔安区；各村庄公共设施供给服务能力水平影响因素是多元且具有多样性的；提出从城乡居民的认知心理与物质需求出发对公共设施进行景感生态营造以提高村庄社会-生态系统供给服务能力，更好满足人们的需求。本文对公共服务设施的空间优化提出对策建议，研究结果可为乡村社会-生态系统供给服务提升和乡村可持续发展提供理论研究依据。

Research on rural society-ecosystem supply service based on the concept of landsenses ecology

The stability and sustainable development of rural social-ecological systems lay the foundation for the realization of agricultural and rural modernization, which play an irreplaceable position and role in stabilizing social and economic development and improving the well-being of urban rural residents. As an important part of rural social-ecological system services, service public facilities represent the development level of rural areas and the quality of life of residents in the region. Studying the spatial distribution characteristics of public service facilities and comprehensively evaluating their supply services can improve the rural social-ecosystem structure and provide high-quality social ecosystem services for urban and rural residents. This paper takes urbanization villages outside Xiamen Island as the research object, analyzes its spatial distribution and measures its supply service level by using public service facilities as landscape carriers through Point of Interest (POI) data and rural socioeconomic statistical data outside Xiamen Island. The nuclear density analytical methods and entropy analysis methods are used to analyze the spatial distribution characteristics of rural society-ecosystem supply services in Xiamen City. Pearson correlation of social village-ecosystem supply services capacity in administrative villages is combined with data such as population, economy and distance from the island''s core area analysis. Finally, it is found that the service capacity of rural public facilities in Xiamen weakened in order from Jimei, Haicang, Tongan, and Xiang''an; the factors affecting the level of service capacity of public facilities in various villages were diverse; only from the cognitive psychology and material of urban and rural residents starting from demand, the construction of landsenses ecology for public facilities can improve the village''s social-ecological system supply service capacity, so that the planning of public service facilities can better meet people''s needs. This paper puts forward countermeasures and suggestions for the spatial optimization of public service facilities. The results can provide theoretical research basis for the improvement of rural society-ecosystem supply services and rural sustainable development.