虎头梁遗址楔型细石核研究

本文以动态类型学和操作链思想为指导,运用数量统计分析等方法对虎头梁遗址中的444件楔型细石核进行了研究。根据台面生成方式的不同将这批楔型细石核分成Ⅰ型和Ⅱ型两个大类。Ⅰ型的台面为刃状,Ⅱ型的台面为平面状。通过对石叶疤的测量得知,从两类细石核上剥离的细石叶的宽度基本一致,都集中在3—8mm之间。Ⅰ型细石核剥离的细石叶的长度集中在15—40mm之间,Ⅱ型则集中在10—40mm之间,Ⅰ型细石核较Ⅱ型细石核有更多剥离下较长细石叶的可能性。两类细石核所采用的原料包括火山角砾岩、硅质岩、流纹岩、石英岩、碧玉、玛瑙、英安岩、黑曜岩及水晶等9种,以火山角砾岩和硅质岩为主,原料利用方面没有大的差别。将石核按剥片阶段划分为预制、剥片、中止、终极4种,处于不同阶段的石核被废弃的原因是不同的,包括毛坯中存在瑕疵、剥片失误以及用尽遗弃等。

A Study of Wedge-shaped Cores from Hutouliang Site

Hutouliang site is located in the Nihewan Basin near Hutouliang village of Yang Yuan County, Hebei Province in northern China. The site had been excavated from 1972 to 1974 for three successive seasons and a large number of artifacts including simple cores, discoid cores, pillar cores bipolar cores, wedge-shaped cores, choppers, scrapers, points, awls and adze-shaped tools, were collected from the site.
In this paper , 444 wedge2shaped cores unearthed from the Hutouliang site are studied using typological and statistical analyses. On the basis of the differences of core platforms, these wedge-shaped cores can be classified into two types. The platform of Type Ⅰis edge-shaped, whereas the platform of Type Ⅱis flat. According to the ratio between height and length, Type Ⅰcan be classified into two subtypes-subtype ⅠA and ⅠB . In the ⅠA subtype, its length is twice of its height. In the ⅠB subtype, its height is twice of its length. According to different strategies of making the platform, Type Ⅱcan be classified into two subtypes: ⅡA and ⅡB. The platform of subtype ⅡA is made by longitudinal striking, whereas the platform of subtype ⅡB is made by cross2wise striking.
The purpose of producing both types is to obtain microblades of lengths between 10—40mm, and widths of 3 —8mm. Raw materials include breccia, siliceous rhyolite, quartzite, jasper, agate, dacite, obsidian and crystal, with breccia and siliceous rock being the most important stone materials. These wedge-shaped cores made in different stages were abandoned for various reasons including reserving , exhausted and miscarriaging.