Wheat-Aegilops biuncialis amphiploids have efficient photosynthesis and biomass production during osmotic stress |
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Authors: | Sá ndor Dulai,Istvá n Molná r,Dó ra Szopkó ,É va Darkó ,Andrá s Vojtkó ,Andrea Sass-Gyarmati,Má rta Molná r-Lá ng |
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Affiliation: | 1. Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Science, Eszterházy College, P.O. Box 43, H-3301 Eger, Hungary;2. Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Eszterházy College, P.O. Box 43, H-3301 Eger, Hungary;3. Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Martonvásár, Bruszvik út 2, Hungary |
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Abstract: | Osmotic stress responses of water content, photosynthetic parameters and biomass production were investigated in wheat-Aegilops biuncialis amphiploids and in wheat genotypes to clarify whether they can use to improve the drought tolerance of bread wheat. A decrease in the osmotic pressure of the medium resulted in considerable water loss, stomatal closure and a decreased CO2 assimilation rate for the wheat genotypes, while the changes in these parameters were moderate for the amphiploids. Maximal assimilation rate was maintained at high level even under severe osmotic stress in the amphiploids, while it decreased substantially in the wheat genotypes. Nevertheless, the effective quantum yield of PS II was higher and the quantum yield of non-photochemical quenching of PS II and PS I was lower for the amphiploids than for the wheat cultivars. Parallel with this, higher cyclic electron flow was detected in wheat than in the amphiploids. The elevated photosynthetic activity of amphiploids under osmotic stress conditions was manifested in higher biomass production by roots and shoots as compared to wheat genotypes. These results indicate that the drought-tolerant traits of Ae. biuncialis can be manifested in the wheat genetic background and these amphiploids are suitable genetic materials for improving drought tolerance of wheat. |
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Keywords: | A, net CO2 assimilation rate AL, actinic light Amphi, Mv9kr1-Aegilops biuncialis amphiploids Ci, intercellular CO2 concentration FISH, fluorescent in situ hybridization Fm, maximal fluorescence Fm&prime , maximal fluorescence of illuminated samples F0, initial level of fluorescence F, steady-state fluorescence Fv, variable fluorescence Fv/Fm, maximum (optimal) quantum yield of PS II ΔF/Fm&prime , Y(II), effective quantum yield of PS II GISH, genomic in situ hybridization gs, stomatal conductance Lm, non-stomatal (mesophyll, or metabolic) limitation Ls, stomatal limitation NPQ, non-photochemical quenching Ψ, osmotic potential PEG, polyethylene glycol P0, minimal P700 signal Pm, maximal P700 level Pm&prime , maximal P700 signal in a given light state PS I, photosystem I PS II, photosystem II Rubisco, ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate-carboxylase-oxygenase RWC, relative water content Y, yield Y(I), photochemical quantum yield of PS I Y(NA), Y(ND), non-photochemical quantum yields of PS I Y(NO), quantum yield of non-regulated energy dissipation Y(NPQ), quantum yield of regulated energy dissipation |
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