胶红酵母致真菌血症1例：临床及实验研究

目的报道1例由胶红酵母感染引起的真菌血症。方法通过对患者血培养分离致病菌，并作API 20C AUX及DNA序列测定鉴定菌种，采用抗真菌药敏纸片法对菌株进行体外药敏试验。结果患者，女性，38岁，因反复出现右乳肿块5个月行右乳肿块穿刺活检术，术后高热，发生于每日下午至夜间。2次查血真菌培养均为阳性，经菌落观察、API 20C AUX鉴定及基因测序，鉴定为胶红酵母。体外药敏试验显示对两性霉素B敏感，对伊曲康唑、氟康唑、伏立康唑耐药。未予治疗，24d后自愈。结论胶红酵母菌血症在国内罕见报道，其菌株毒力相对较低，在免疫功能正常患者中，部分病例可自愈。

Fungemia due to Rhodotorula mucilaginosa:clinical and experimental study

Objective To report a case of fungemia due to Rhodotorula mucilaginosa in China. Methods The isolates were obtained from fungal blood cultures and identified by API 20C AUX and DNA sequencing. Antifungal susceptibility test in vitro was performed by ROSCO disk diffusion method. Results A 38-year-old female with solid lump in her right breast received biopsy by pricking. She had high fever after then from afternoon to night every day. Blood cultures presented moist, smooth, coral red colour colonies on sabouraud dextrose agar. The pathogenic agent was then confirmed as R. mucilaginosa by API 20C AUX and DNA sequencing. The isolate was sensitive to amphotericin B, while resistant to itraconazole, fluconazole and voriconazole. The patient recovered without any antifungal treatment after 24 days of fever. Conclusions Fungemia due to R. mucilaginosa was rarely reported in China. Some cases spontaneously cured may due to their low virulence in immunocompetent individuals.