Distribution of Elements in the Millipede, <Emphasis Type="BoldItalic">Oxidus gracilis</Emphasis> C. L. Koch (Polydesmida: Paradoxosomatidae) and the Relation to Environmental Habitats |
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Authors: | Kazuyo?Nakamura Email author" target="_blank">Junsei?TairaEmail author |
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Institution: | (1) Water Quality Control Office, Okinawa Prefectural Enterprise Bureau, 1336 Onaha, Nishihara-cho, Okinawa 903-0103, Japan;(2) Okinawa Industrial Technology Center, 12-2 Suzaki, Uruma-city, Okinawa 904-2234, Japan |
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Abstract: | The concentrations of 55 elements in the millipede, Oxidus gracilis, soil and plant in the habitat were examined using inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES) and
inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). In all the millipedes, Ca concentration derived from calcium carbonate
in the exoskeleton was the highest at average 94 μ/mg-weight. The other major elements were the following: Mg, K, Na, Zn,
Fe, Al, Cu, Sr, Ba, Mn and Ti (> 1 ng/mg-body weight), whereas Se, Mo, Ag, Cd, Co, Li and Ce etc. were in trace levels. Interestingly,
the various 15 elements such as Ca, Na, Zn, Al, Ba, Ga, Ag, Cd, Co and Y in environmental habitats were well reflected in
the body of the millipede. Although the heavy metal contents, in the order of Cu>Pb>Cd, were similar to those of other invertebrates,
Cu in the millipede was remarkably high concentration. Zn was maintained in a range of 72–394 ng/mg-weight as essential element
in the body and no difference was found in the sexes. The C1 chondrite normalization pattern for lanthanoid series elements
in the millipede, soil and plant indicated that the environmental habitats were well protected from pollution. These characteristics
of internal elements and metal accumulation in the millipede or relation to their habitats would be useful information for
the environmental pollution studies. |
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Keywords: | millipede Oxidus gracilis element ICP-AES ICP-MS |
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