Genetic variation at twentythree microsatellite loci in sixteen human populations |
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Authors: | Ranjan Deka Mark D Shriver Ling Mei Yu Elisa Mueller Heidreich Li Jin Yixi Zhong Stephen T Mcgarvey Shyam Swarup Agarwal Clareann H Bunker Tetsuro Miki Joachim Hundrieser Shih-Jiun Yin Salmo Raskin Ramiro Barrantes Robert E Ferrell Ranajit Chakraborty |
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Institution: | 1. Department of Environmental Health, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA 3. Department of Anthropology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA 4. Department of Human Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA 5. Human Genetics Center, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas, USA 6. Department of Medicine and International Health Institute, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA 7. Sanjay Gandhi Post-Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India 8. Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA 9. Department of Geriatric Medicine, Ehime University, Ehime, Japan 10. Klinik für Abdominal und Transplantationschirurgie, Medizinische Hochschule, Hannover, Germany 11. Department of Biochemistry, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan 12. Universidade Federal do Parana, Curitiba, Brazil 13. Instituto de Investigaciones en Salud, Universidad de Costa Rica, San Jose, Costa Rica
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Abstract: | We have analysed genetic variation at 23 microsatellite loci in a global sample of 16 ethnically and geographically diverse
human populations. On the basis of their ancestral heritage and geographic locations, the studied populations can be divided
into five major groups, viz. African, Caucasian, Asian Mongoloid, American Indian and Pacific Islander. With respect to the
distribution of alleles at the 23 loci, large variability exists among the examined populations. However, with the exception
of the American Indians and the Pacific Islanders, populations within a continental group show a greater degree of similarity.
Phylogenetic analyses based on allele frequencies at the examined loci show that the first split of the present-day human
populations had occurred between the Africans and all of the non-African populations, lending support to an African origin
of modern human populations. Gene diversity analyses show that the coefficient of gene diversity estimated from the 23 loci
is, in general, larger for populations that have remained isolated and probably of smaller effective sizes, such as the American
Indians and the Pacific Islanders. These analyses also demonstrate that the component of total gene diversity, which is attributed
to variation between groups of populations, is significantly larger than that among populations within each group. The empirical
data presented in this work and their analyses reaffirm that evolutionary histories and the extent of genetic variation among
human populations can be studied using microsatellite loci. |
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Keywords: | microsatellite loci genetic variation gene diversity human populations |
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