6种含笑属植物抗寒性分析与综合评价

以6种含笑属植物为试材,进行田间冻害调查,拟合Logistic方程计算其低温半致死温度,采用石蜡切片技术,测定9项叶片解剖结构指标,运用隶属函数法对各树种的抗寒性进行综合分析与评价.结果表明: 6种含笑属植物叶片的相对电导率与0～25 ℃低温处理3 h的半致死温度之间呈显著正相关.6种含笑属植物低温半致死温度在-20.48～-8.67 ℃,高低顺序为深山含笑>红花深山含笑>峨眉含笑>杂交11-8>阔瓣含笑>六瓣含笑;叶片表皮细胞1～2层,垂周壁略呈波浪状,栅栏组织细胞1～3层,9项叶片解剖结构指标差异显著,栅栏组织厚度、栅海比和主脉厚度是影响抗寒性的主要叶片解剖结构指标.电导法和隶属函数法对6种含笑属植物的抗寒性评价结果与田间调查结果基本一致.6种含笑属植物抗寒性强弱顺序为:六瓣含笑>阔瓣含笑>杂交11-8>峨眉含笑>红花深山含笑>深山含笑.

Analysis and comprehensive evaluation on cold resistance of six varieties of Michelia

Taking six varieties of Michelia as test materials, their responses under cold situation in the field were investigated and the semilethal low temperatures were calculated by fitting Logistic equation. The nine structure indexes of leaf tissue were observed by paraffin section, and a comprehensive evaluation on cold resistance of different varieties was given according to subordinate function value analysis. The results showed that the relative electrical conductivity of six varieties of Michelia was significantly positively correlated with the semilethal low temperature (LT₅₀) of 3 h 0-25 ℃ treatment. From high to low, the order of LT₅₀, which ranged between -20.48 ℃and -8.67 ℃, was M. maudiae ＞ M. maudiae var. rubicunda ＞ M. wilsonii ＞ M. ‘liubanhanxiao’ ♀× M. shiluensis ♂ ＞ M. platypetala ＞ M. ‘liubanhanxiao’. The epidermal anticlinal walls of six varieties of Michelia leaves had 1-2 layers and showed slightly sinuated shape. The leaf had 1-3 layers of palisade tissue cells and the differences among the indexes of nine anatomical structures were extremely significant. The thickness of palisade tissue, ratio between palisade tissue and spongy tissue, and thickness of the vein were the key factors affecting cold resistance. The order of cold resistance of six varieties of Michelia, from the strong to the weak, was M. ‘liubanhanxiao’ ＞ M. platypetala ＞ M. ‘liubanhanxiao’ ♀× M. shiluensis ♂＞M. wilsonii ＞ M. maudiae var. rubicunda ＞ M. maudiae, which was basically consistent with the result of field investigation.