城市黑臭水体遥感监测与筛查研究进展

持续改善城市水环境,加强黑臭水体整治,不仅是“水污染防治行动计划(水十条)”的国家战略需求,也是人民群众的关注热点.国内外以往的研究侧重于黑臭水体的成因、评价方法和治理措施,而关于遥感手段监测黑臭水体的研究十分少见,很难满足国家的业务化监测需求.本文总结了黑臭水体遥感监测与筛查迫切需要解决的问题,包括完善城市黑臭水体的识别和分级标准,开展遥感监测黑臭水体的关键技术研究,构建城市黑臭水体遥感筛查体系.其中,重点归纳了核心关键技术,主要包括: 面向黑臭水体提取的高分影像预处理技术,城市水体提取技术,黑臭水体分类技术,基于星、空、地基遥感的黑臭水体识别与分级模型.本文总结基于高分遥感技术手段监测与筛查城市黑臭水体的研究进展、提出研究思路,将利于全面掌握黑臭水体的空间分布状况、治理进展情况,为城市黑臭水体整治提供有力的技术支撑.

Remote sensing monitoring and screening for urban black and odorous water body: A review.

Continuous improvement of urban water environment and overall control of black and odorous water body are not merely national strategic needs with the action plan for prevention and treatment of water pollution, but also the hot issues attracting the attention of people. Most previous researches concentrated on the study of cause, evaluation and treatment measures of this phenomenon, and there are few researches on the monitoring using remote sensing, which is often a strain to meet the national needs of operational monitoring. This paper mainly summarized the urgent research problems, mainly including the identification and classification standard, research on the key technologies, and the frame of remote sensing screening systems for the urban black and odorous water body. The main key technologies were concluded too, including the high spatial resolution image preprocessing and extraction technique for black and odorous water body, the extraction of water information in city zones, the classification of the black and odorous water, and the identification and classification technique based on satellite-sky-ground remote sensing. This paper summarized the research progress and put forward research ideas of monitoring and screening urban black and odorous water body via high spatial resolution remote sensing technology, which would be beneficial to having an overall grasp of spatial distribution and improvement progress of black and odorous water body, and provide strong technical support for controlling urban black and odorous water body.