一株金黄蓝状菌解磷特性及其对毛竹的促生效应

为深入了解毛竹根际微生物金黄蓝状菌(JXBR04)的解磷特性并评价其促生效应,采用液体发酵培养法研究碳源、氮源、pH、装液量及盐离子等因素对金黄蓝状菌解磷能力的影响,以及该菌株对不同难溶性磷酸盐的溶解能力,并应用温室盆栽法研究该菌株对毛竹幼苗生长的促进效应.结果表明: 金黄蓝状菌(JXBR04)分别在碳源为蔗糖、氮源为酵母粉、初始pH值3.5、装液量1/5或2/5、盐离子浓度为0 或1.0 g·L^-1时解磷能力最强;对Ca₃(PO₄)₂、CaHPO₄、FePO₄均具有较好的解磷作用,其中对CaHPO₄表现最佳,达1304.04 mg·L^-1.施用金黄蓝状菌(JXBR04)菌剂180 d后显著提高了毛竹实生苗根际土壤养分和植株体内磷含量,且地径、苗高及生物量分别比对照增长了28.1%、28.3%和51.5%.可见,金黄蓝状菌具有成为我国南方酸性土壤毛竹林环境友好型生物肥料的潜力.

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To investigate phosphate-solubilizing characteristics and plant growth-promoting effect of Talaromyces aurantiacus (JXBR04) from Phyllostachys edulis rhizosphere soil, the influence of culture time, carbon sources, nitrogen sources, initial pH, liquid filling volume, and salt ions on phosphate solubilizing ability of strain JXBR04 were examined. The capability to solubilize different types of mineral phosphate was detected using a liquid fermentation method. A pot experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of strain JXBR04 in promoting the growth of Ph. edulis seedlings. The results showed that strain JXBR04 displayed the highest phosphate-dissolving capacity when the cultivation period was 7 days, the initial pH reached 3.5, the volume of liquid was 1/5 or 2/5, and the NaCl concentration was 0 or 1.0 g·L^-1. The phosphate-dissolving ability of the strain was the highest when using sugar as carbon source and yeast powder as nitrogen source. The strain had the greatest ability to solubilize CaHPO₄ with 1304.04 mg·L^-1, followed by Ca₃(PO₄)₂ and FePO₄. We found that available nutrients, leaf, stem, and root phosphorus contents in rhizospheric soil significantly increased in Ph. edulis after 180 days of inoculation with strain JXBR04. In addition, Ph. edulis inoculated with strain JXBR04 had 28.1%, 28.3%, and 51.5% higher ground diameter, seedling height, and biomass accumulation than that without JXBR04, respectively. Our findings suggested that T. aurantiacus has the potential to be applied as environment-friendly biofertilizers in maso bamboo forest in the acid soil in southern China.