辽河河口区湿地水体中石油类污染物净化能力优化与仿真

采用现场调查与系统模拟的方法,以辽河油田曙光地区湿地为研究对象,全面分析了研究区湿地水体石油污染程度及净化能力现状,提出了基于Monte Carlo模拟的湿地对石油类污染物净化效率估算模型,并根据研究区的自然特征,利用水量及氮磷营养等因子调控,对湿地不同区块的净化能力进行优化设计.结果表明: 研究区各区块对石油类污染物的净化能力存在差异,主要是由于区块间湿地结构与内在特征不同所致.湿地自然条件下石油类污染物的净化效率为5.4%,平均残留浓度为1.05 mg·L^-1,通过优化设计,湿地对石油类污染物净化效率达到约20%.本文建立的湿地净化能力优化设计与仿真调控方法,为辽河口湿地水体中石油类污染物的去除提供了重要的技术手段.

Optimization and simulation on purification of petroleum pollutants in wetland water of Liaohe River estuary,China.

The level of oil pollution and purification efficiency of wetland water in Shuguang area of Liaohe oilfield were analyzed comprehensively by plot investigation and system simulation. The estimation model of petroleum pollutants purification capacity was built correspondingly based on Monte Carlo method. Furthermore, according to its natural features, water flow andnutritional factors such as nitrogen and phosphorus were regulated to obtain an optimal design of purification ability in different wetland units. The results indicated that the ability to purify petroleum pollutants was different in each research unit, which mainly resulted from the differences in structure of the wetland and in its internal features. Under natural conditions, the purification efficiency of petroleum pollutants was 5.4%, and the average residual concentration was about 1.05 mg·L^-1. After optimization, the removal rate of petroleum pollutants increased to approximately 20%. The constructed optimization and simulation methods of wetland purification could provide an important technical tool for the removal of petroleum pollutants in the Liaohe River estuary wetland water.