内蒙古78份葱属野生种表型遗传多样性分析

为了揭示内蒙古葱属野生种表型遗传多样性,采用方差分析、主成分分析、聚类分析等方法,对收集的78份野生种的种质资源14个表型性状进行了遗传多样性评价。结果表明:内蒙古葱属野生资源存在丰富的遗传多样性。(1)14个表型性状平均变异系数为43.0%,叶片宽的变异系数最大,为94.7%;种子厚的变异系数最小,为14.6%。14个表型性状在居群间的差异除叶片宽达到显著(P0.05)水平外,其余性状均表现差异不显著;(2)14个表型性状可归成为6个主成分因子,累计贡献率达到80.77%,最大程度上反映了所有78份葱属种质资源的表型特征,在前6个主成分包括的14个农艺性状中的株丛直径、叶片长、叶片宽、单株叶片数、花序长度、花序宽度和种子宽等性状是造成葱属种质资源表型差异的主要因素;(3)14个表型性状间存在显著或极显著的相关性;(4)采用欧氏距离系统聚类法将供试材料分为7大类,78份葱属种质资源基本上按种区分开,并和地理条件有一定的关系,种间和材料间表型差异很明显。本研究为内蒙古葱属资源的利用提供了科学依据。

Phenotypic diversity of 78 wild Allium germplasmsin Inner Mongolia

In this study, a total of 14 morphological characters were investigated to reveal the genetic diversity in 78 accessions of Allium L. germplasms from Inner Mongolia in China. The results show that the Inner Mongolia Allium L. germplasms has abundant genetic diversity. The variation of average coefficient in 14 phenotypic traits was 43.0%, among them the number of flowers was the largest (94.7%) and seed thick was the smallest (14.6%). 14 phenotypic traits can be classified into six principal components, and the cumulative contribution rate was reached 80.77%, which could be reflected the phenotypic characteristics mostly among all of 78 accessions. A significant correlation was existed between the 14 phenotypic traits. The 78 accessions were divided into seven categories by using Euclidean distance system. This study reveals a higher genetic diversity existing in the Allium L.germplasms, provide a important implication for Allium L. germplasm characterization, improvement, and conservation.