豌豆种质资源芽期耐旱性评价及耐旱种质筛选

我国是第一大豌豆生产国,在世界豌豆生产中占有举足轻重的地位。然而,干旱是制约我国豌豆生产的主要因素,为了探索豌豆芽期耐旱性,以4份来自不同降雨量地区的豌豆种质为材料,在浓度为0、5%、10%、15%、20%、25%和30%PEG-6000(聚乙二醇)高渗溶液模拟干旱条件产生水分胁迫进行种子萌发试验,试验中测定种子的发芽势、发芽率、发芽指数及简易活力指数4个指标的动态变化,确定了豌豆芽期耐旱性鉴定适宜的PEG-6000浓度为20%~25%。进一步以22%PEG-6000模拟旱胁迫对来自我国18个不同省份的87份豌豆种质资源进行耐旱性鉴定,试验中测定种子相对发芽势、相对发芽率等、萌发耐旱指数及萌发胁迫指数等13个指标,主成分分析确定了相对发芽势、相对发芽率等7项指标作为耐旱综合评价因子,利用隶属函数法,筛选出1份高抗种质(G0002457),来自降水较少的新疆莎车,7份抗旱种质(G0002293、G0005403、G0002418、G0002083、G0000799、G0002017和G0002082),多来自降水较少的西北部春播区。本研究可为耐旱种质的选择提供科学指导,为豌豆耐旱品种改良奠定基础。

Evaluation and Screening of Pea Germplasm Resources for Drought Resistance at Bud Stage

PEG-6000 was used as permeability media, to study dynamic change of germination energy, germination rate, germination index and vigor index of four pea varieties under six different PEG-6000 concentrations. The results showed that 20%-25% of PEG-6000 was the suitable concentration range to screen drought resistance resources at bud stage for pea. Drought resistance of 87 pea accessions from 18 different provinces of China were evaluated with 22% PEG-6000 solution. The principal component analysis results showed that relative values of germination energy, germination rate, radical length, radical fresh biomass, and germination drought resistance index, germination stress index, vigor index were the main impact factors to evaluate drought resistance for pea. Based on the subordinative function analysis of screening results, one germplasm (G0002457) with the highest level of drought resistance and seven general drought resistant germplasms were identified and recommended to be used in the drought tolerance improvement for pea breeding.