生物腐植酸菌剂用做功能性饲料营养添加剂价值初探

目的以生物腐植酸菌剂（BFA）对哺乳动物（SD大鼠）的生理生化、肠道菌群等指标的影响为评价指标,初步探讨BFA用做功能性饲料营养添加剂的价值。方法将四种生物腐植酸菌剂（分别为乳酸菌发酵BFA、芽胞菌发酵BFA、酵母菌发酵BFA以及三菌混合发酵BFA）均按1.5%的比例与常规饲料混合,并以未加入BFA的常规饲料为对照组,分组饲喂啮齿类哺乳动物—SD大鼠,观察实验组和对照组血常规、血生化指标、增重、料重比以及肠道菌群定量分析等指标的差异。结果①血常规：乳酸菌发酵组的白细胞（WBC）、单核细胞（Mon）、中性粒细胞（Neu）较对照组降低,差异有显著性（P〈0.05,P〈0.01）;芽孢菌发酵组中性粒细胞（Neu）较对照组降低,差异有显著性（P〈0.05）。②血生化：乳酸菌发酵组的总蛋白（TP）、白蛋白（Alb）、白/球比值（A/G）较对照组升高,差异有显著性（P〈0.05,P〈0.01,P〈0.05）,总胆红素（TBIL）较对照组降低,差异有显著性（P〈0.05）;芽孢菌发酵组总胆红素（TBIL）较对照组降低,差异有显著性（P〈0.01）。③增重：混合发酵组的总增重和日增重均显著高于对照组（P〈0.05）;乳酸菌发酵组、芽孢菌发酵组、酵母菌发酵组、混合组、对照组饲料增重比分别为：6.70、6.74、6.49、6.09、6.77。④菌群分析：乳酸菌发酵组和混合发酵组的大肠杆菌数量较对照组降低,差异有显著性（P〈0.05）,同时乳酸杆菌数量较对照组显著升高（P〈0.05）。结论各组BFA制剂均对SD大鼠的生理生化、增重、肠道菌群指标有积极的影响,其中以三菌混合发酵BFA效果最佳,具有作为功能性饲料营养添加剂、改善哺乳动物健康的价值。

Exploration of the value of biotechnology fulvic acid（BFA） as nutritional additives in functional feed

Objective To evaluate the effects of biotechnology fulvic acid（ BFA） on physiology,biochemistry and intestinal flora in Sprague-Dawley rats,and explore the value of BFA as a nutritional additives in functional feed. Methods One hundred SPF 3- 4-week-old female Sprague-Dawley rats（ body weight 75- 90 g） were used in this study. To feed the four groups of rats with normal feeding stuff mixed with one of four kinds of BFA（ lactobacillus fermentation BFA,bacillus fermentation BFA,yeast fermentation BFA and Mixed fermentation BFA） with a proportion of 1. 5%,compare with the group of rats fed without BFA,and observe the indicators of nutrition and health condition,including body weight gain,feed weight ratio,routine blood test,blood biochemical indices and quantitative analysis of intestinal flora. Results 1.Routine blood test： WBC,MON,NEU were significantly decreased in the lactobacillus fermentation group（ P 0. 05,P 0. 01）,and NEU of the bacillus fermentation BFA group was significantly decreased than that of the control group（ P 0. 05）. 2. Blood biochemical indices： TP,Alb,A / G in the lactobacillus fermentation BFA group were significantly increased（ P 0. 05,P 0. 01,P 0. 05）,TBIL significantly decreased than that of the control group（ P 0. 05）,and TBIL of the bacillus fermentation BFA group was significantly decreased than that of the control group（ P 0. 01）. 3.Body weight gain： the total weight gain and the daily weight gain of the mixed fermentation BFA group were significantly higher than that of the control group（ P 0. 05）. The feed / body weight gain ratio of the lactobacillus fermentation BFA group,bacillus fermentation BFA group,yeast fermentation BFA group and mixed fermentation BFA group to the normal group was 6. 70,6. 74,6. 49,6. 09,and 6. 77,respectively. 4. Quantitative analysis of the intestinal flora： The number of Escherichia coli in the lactobacillus fermentation BFA group and mixed fermentation BFA group was significantly decreased（ P 0. 05）,while the number of Bacillus acidi lactici evidently increased than that in the control group（ P 0. 05）. Conclusions All the BFA improve the physiological and biochemical indicators,body weight gain,and intestinal flora of the SD rats. The nutritional effects of mixed fermentation BFA is the best of all,and deserves as a nutritional additive in functional feed and valuable for improving the health condition of mammals.