人脐带间充质干细胞研究进展及应用前景

人脐带问充质干细胞（hUCMSC）是来源于发育早期中胚层和外胚层、存在于脐带沃顿胶和血管周围组织中的一类具有自我更新、增殖和多向分化潜能的干细胞。当前主要通过分离、扩增传代培养，然后超低温保存的方法提取保存hUCMSC。与其他来源的干细胞相比，hUCMSC具有来源广泛、可塑性强、对供者无不利影响、无伦理争论限制等优势，并且具有很强的向多组织分化的潜能，因此hUCMSC成为在组织工程、造血干细胞移植及基因治疗等研究领域具有巨大潜力的种子细胞，在临床应用方面有十分广阔的前景。

Research Progress and Prospect of Application of Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells（hUCMSC）, which originate from mesoderm and ectoderm at the early stage of embryonic development and inhabit the area of Wharton-jelly and perivascular tissue of umbilical cord, have been classified as a self-renewal, proliferating and multi-potential differentiating cell line. According to current technique level, hUCMSC are preserved by means of cryopreservation following enzyme-digestion, separation, and subcultural amplification. Being superior to stem cells from other sources, hUCMSC benefit an abundant source, relatively higher plasticity while less ethical controversy, no adverse affection to donors during harvest and naturally the multiple-differentiation potential like other stem cell families. Consequently, the stem cell family of hUCMSC has become a clinic prospective candidate in field of tissue engineering, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and genetic therapy.