水稻84-15细胞胚胎学的研究

粳稻品种８４＿１５是非洲长花药野生稻（Ｏ．ｌｏｎｇｉｓｔａｍｉｎａｔａ）和栽培稻８０＿６１９５杂交，在杂种第三代出现的不分离粳稻品系。它们的杂种Ｆ１０代农艺性状保持整齐一致（赵世绪，１９９０；陈建三，１９９５）。它比水稻品种郑粳１０７增产２２．２％。用粳稻８４＿１５与水稻喜峰杂交，在杂种第二代选育出中新一号比秋光增产１１％，已种植Ｆ１０代农艺性状保持一致。为了证实粳稻８４＿１５固定杂种优势的原因，我们进行了细胞胚胎学的研究。通过研究发现了粳稻８４＿１５珠心胚生殖现象（陈建三，１９８８；１９９０；１９９１）。本文旨在进一步研究此种现象。

A STUDY ON CELL EMBRYOLOGY OF RICE 84_15

Rice 84_15 was hybrid from wild Africa O.longstaminata with cultivar 80_6195, its hybrids F 3 were unsegregation strains. Their hybrids F 10 were uniform as to plants of agronomic characteristics. Rice ZhongXue No.1 was hybrid from rice 84_15 with rice XuFeng,its hybrids F 2 were unsegregation strains. Its hybrids F 10 were uniform as to plants of agronomic characteristics. The cytoembrylogy of rice 84_15 was studied and nucellar embryong and plolyembryong were found by using parfffin sections. Observations on intact transparent ovaries under inverted differential interference microscope showed that the antipodal cells in the embryo sac disappeared at 4 days after pollination. Therefore,the embryoids at the chalazal end were nucellar embryoes,and furthermore,the embryes developed from fertilized ove at the micropyle end died pramaturely and were replaced by nucellar embryoes.Their frequency approached 100% in rice 84_15. Further studies were needed for zygote embryo's death and fertilization process as soon as possible.