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The effects of temperature on muscle pH, adenylate and phosphogen concentrations in Oreochromis alcalicus grahami, a fish adapted to an alkaline hot-spring
Authors:I A Johnston  F B Eddy  G M O Maloiy
Institution:Department of Animal Physiology, University of Nairobi, P. O. Box 30197, Chiromo, Nairobi, Kenya
Abstract:The concentrations of phosphorylcreatine (PCr), adenosine triphosphate (ATP), adenosine diphosphate (ADP), adenosine monophosphate (AMP), inorganic phosphate (Pi), pyruvate and lactate were determined in freeze-clamped fast muscle samples from Oreochromis alcalicus grahami a fish adapted to extreme alkalinity (~ pH 10·0) and high temperatures (Lake Magadi, Kenya). Specimens were analysed from both geothermally heated hotsprings (35–37°C) and from isolated cool pools (28°C) and from stocks acclimated to 20°C in the laboratory. The ratios of (ATP)/(ADP) and (ATP)/(ADP) (Pi) decreased with increasing body temperature consistent with an increase in glycolysis and tissue respiration rates, respectively. The apparent equilibrium constant of creatine kinase (KCK), (creatine) (ATP)/(phosphorylcreatine) (ADP) was found to decrease with increasing temperature: 20·2 (20°C), 13·9 (28°C), 8·0 (37°C). A near constant muscle and blood pH (or slight increase in alkalinity with higher temperatures) was found regardless of body temperature (Blood pH 7·64, 7·74, muscle pH 7·27, 7·51 at 20°C and 35°C, respectively). These results are consistent with an unusual pattern of acid-base regulation in this species.
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