东北小鲵中枢神经系统形态学与组织学初步研究

本文应用脊椎动物神经标本制作法和HE染色法,对东北小鲵中枢神经系统的外部形态和组织学结构进行了初步研究,描述了东北小鲵神经系统形态和组织学结构的特点,并与无尾两栖类和爬行类相对比,探讨了有尾两栖类的进化地位。结果表明:与无尾两栖类(如蛙)相比,东北小鲵中枢神经系统中,大脑半球较小,结构较为原始,小脑结构简单,是两栖类中较为原始的类群。此外,东北小鲵开始具有了臂神经丛和骶神经丛,但没有爬行类的发达,可作为两栖类向爬行类进化的证据之一。

Preliminary Studies on Morphology and Histology of Central Nervous System of Hynobius leechii

Preliminary studies of central nervous system of Hynobius leechii were done by making vertebrate nerve sample and HE-staining method. Characters of its external features and histological structures were described and compared with those of frogs and reptiles. On this basis, the evolutionary position of Hynobius leechii is discussed. The results show that Hynobius leechii, in comparing with frogs, is a more primitive animal. Because its cerebral hemisphere is relatively small in size and more primitive in structure, and its cerebellum is simpler in structure. Besides, the rudimentary arm nerve-plexus and sacral nerve-plexus were observed in Hynobius leechii, though much less developed than in reptiles. It suggests that it is one of the evidences that the reptile is evolved from ancient tailed amphibian type.