A mathematical model for the force and energetics in competitive running

A simple mathematical model for competitive running is developed. This model contains the force and energy reserves as key variables and it describes their relationship and dynamics. It is made up of three submodels for the biomechanics of running, the energetics and the optimization. The model for the energetics is an extension of the hydraulic model of Margaria and Morton. The key geometric parameters of this piecewise linear, three compartment model are determined on the basis of well known physiological facts and data.