纳米银的抗菌机制及临床应用研究

纳米银因具备抗菌谱广、效果好、安全性高等特性,其医疗制品在临床治疗方面应用广泛。现普遍认为纳米银可通过释放银离子(Ag+)和诱导活性氧自由基的表达等方式达到杀菌目的,但其发挥抗菌作用的效果受到表面正电荷和粒子直径等因素影响。本文就纳米银的抗菌机制及临床实践应用进行综述,对现有的各种抗菌材料进行分类,重点探讨纳米银对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠埃希菌、白假丝酵母菌和铜绿假单胞菌的杀菌和抑菌原理,以及其在抗菌过程中的影响因素,并阐述了纳米银及其复合材料在临床实践中的应用,以期为纳米银抗菌应用方面的后续研究提供一些参考。

Antibacterial mechanism and clinical application of silver nanoparticles

Nano silver has the characteristics of wide antibacterial spectrum, good antibacterial effect, high safety and so on. Its medical products have a definite effect in clinical antibacterial treatment and are widely used. It is generally believed that nano silver can achieve the purpose of sterilization by releasing silver ions (Ag+) and inducing the expression of reactive oxygen radicals, but its antibacterial effect is affected by factors such as surface positive charge and particle diameter. This article reviews the antibacterial mechanism and clinical application of nano silver, classifies various existing antibacterial materials, specifically discusses the antibacterial/bacteriostatic principle of nano silver on Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Candida albicans and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and the influencing factors in the antibacterial process, and also covers the application of nano silver and its composite materials in clinical practice, so as to provide some references for the follow up research on the antibacterial application of nano silver.