A framework towards a composite indicator for urban ecosystem services |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Département de phytologie, Faculté des sciences de l’agriculture et de l’alimentation Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada G1V 0A6;2. Institut des sciences de la forêt tempérée, Université du Québec en Outaouais, 58 rue Principale, Ripon, Québec, Canada J0V 1V0;1. Humboldt University of Berlin, Dept. of Geography, Unter den Linden 6, 10099 Berlin, Germany;2. Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research, Climate Impacts & Vulnerabilities - Research Domain II, Telegraphenberg A 31, 14473 Potsdam, Germany;3. Technische Universität Berlin, Dept. of Landscape Architecture and Environmental Planning, Straße des 17. Juni 145, 10623 Berlin, Germany;4. Office of Statistics Berlin-Brandenburg, Dept. Microdata, Analyses, Data Research Center, Alt-Friedrichsfelde 60, 10315 Berlin, Germany;1. Environmental Systems Analysis Group, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands;2. Centre for Environment and Development, Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment, Bangalore, India;3. Livestock Systems and the Environment, International Livestock Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya;4. School of International Development, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK;1. Institut des sciences de la forêt tempérée, Université du Québec en Outaouais, 58, rue Principale, Ripon J0V 1V0, Québec, Canada;2. Barcelona Institute of Regional and Metropolitan Studies, Edifici MRA, Autonomous University of Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain;3. Department of Biology, McGill University, 1205 Docteur Penfield ave., Montréal H3A 1B1, Québec, Canada;4. Quebec Center for Biodiversity Science, Office W6/19, 1205 Ave Docteur Penfield, Montréal H3A 1B1, Québec, Canada;5. Département de géographie, Université de Montréal, Université de Montréal, 520Chemin de la Côte Ste-Catherine, Montréal H3C 3J7, Québec, Canada;6. Department of Economic History and Institutions, University of Barcelona, 08034 Barcelona, Spain;1. University of Massachusetts Amherst, USA;2. North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa;3. Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, PO Box 65, FI-00014, Finland;1. Department of Town & Country Planning, University of Moratuwa, Moratuwa, Sri Lanka;2. Department of Management and Information Systems Science, Nagaoka University of Technology, 1603-1 Kamitomioka, Nagaoka, Niigata 940-2188, Japan;3. Disaster Prevention Systems Group, Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Nagaoka University of Technology, 1603-1 Kamitomioka, Nagaoka, Niigata 940-2188, Japan;2. Department of Landscape Architecture, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 120 F Burruss Hall (0190), Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA;3. USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station, 5 Moon Library, SUNY-ESF, Syracuse, NY 13215, USA |
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| Abstract: | This article describes a composite indicator for ecosystem services. This composite is composed of several sub-indices, each representing either land use types or ecosystem services. While the overall composite indicates a general overview of the performance of a system in terms of ecosystem services provision, the sub-indices provide sources of variation. Taking into consideration potential trade-offs between making the framework complex and keeping it simple, the composite was developed on two levels. The first level, a simpler one, requires few indicators and therefore needs less data as inputs. The second level, in contrast, is more complex requiring more indicators, involving more detailed measurements, and therefore can be applied with more confidence. |
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| Keywords: | Composite indicator Index Ecosystem services Urban forestry |
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