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Process intensification strategies toward cell culture-based high-yield production of a fusogenic oncolytic virus
Authors:Sven Göbel  Karim E. Jaén  Marie Dorn  Victoria Neumeyer  Ingo Jordan  Volker Sandig  Udo Reichl  Jennifer Altomonte  Yvonne Genzel
Affiliation:1. Bioprocess Engineering, Max Planck Institute for Dynamics of Complex Technical Systems, Magdeburg, Germany;2. Bioprocess Engineering, Max Planck Institute for Dynamics of Complex Technical Systems, Magdeburg, Germany

Department of Internal Medicine II, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munchen, Germany;3. Department of Internal Medicine II, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munchen, Germany;4. ProBioGen AG, Berlin, Germany;5. Bioprocess Engineering, Max Planck Institute for Dynamics of Complex Technical Systems, Magdeburg, Germany

Chair for Bioprocess Engineering, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany

Abstract:We present a proof-of-concept study for production of a recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus (rVSV)-based fusogenic oncolytic virus (OV), rVSV-Newcastle disease virus (NDV), at high cell densities (HCD). Based on comprehensive experiments in 1 L stirred tank reactors (STRs) in batch mode, first optimization studies at HCD were carried out in semi-perfusion in small-scale cultivations using shake flasks. Further, a perfusion process was established using an acoustic settler for cell retention. Growth, production yields, and process-related impurities were evaluated for three candidate cell lines (AGE1.CR, BHK-21, HEK293SF)infected at densities ranging from 15 to 30 × 106 cells/mL. The acoustic settler allowed continuous harvesting of rVSV-NDV with high cell retention efficiencies (above 97%) and infectious virus titers (up to 2.4 × 109 TCID50/mL), more than 4–100 times higher than for optimized batch processes. No decrease in cell-specific virus yield (CSVY) was observed at HCD, regardless of the cell substrate. Taking into account the accumulated number of virions both from the harvest and bioreactor, a 15–30 fold increased volumetric virus productivity for AGE1.CR and HEK293SF was obtained compared to batch processes performed at the same scale. In contrast to all previous findings, formation of syncytia was observed at HCD for the suspension cells BHK 21 and HEK293SF. Oncolytic potency was not affected compared to production in batch mode. Overall, our study describes promising options for the establishment of perfusion processes for efficient large-scale manufacturing of fusogenic rVSV-NDV at HCD for all three candidate cell lines.
Keywords:cell culture-based production  fusogenic oncolytic virus  high cell density culture  perfusion  process intensification  upstream processing
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