Development of a benthic macroinvertebrate multimetric index (MMI) for Neotropical Savanna headwater streams |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Laboratório de Ecologia de Bentos, Departamento de Biologia Geral, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos 6627, CP 486, CEP 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil;2. Amnis Opes Institute and Department of Fisheries & Wildlife, Oregon State University, 104 Nash Hall, 97331-4501 Corvallis, OR, USA;3. Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Rua Augusto Corrêa 01, CEP 66075-110, Belém, PA, Brazil;4. U.S Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research & Development, National Health & Environmental Effects Lab., Western Ecology Division, 200 SW 35 Street, 97333 Corvallis, OR, USA;1. GEOTOP Research Center and Département des sciences de la Terre et de l’atmosphère – Université du Québec à Montréal, C.P. 8888, succ. Centre-Ville, Montréal, QC, Canada;2. Institut de recherche en biologie végétale, Université de Montréal, Jardin botanique de Montréal, 4101 rue Sherbrooke est, Montréal, QC H1X 2B2, Canada;3. Groundwater Research Group, Research Institute on Mines and the Environment, Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue, Campus d’Amos, 341, rue Principale Nord, suite 5004, Amos, QC J9T 2L8, Canada;4. INRS, Centre Eau Terre Environnement, 490 rue de la Couronne, Québec, QC G1K 9A9, Canada;1. Virginia Water Resources Research Center, 210 Cheatham Hall, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA;2. Crop and Soil Environmental Sciences, 416 Smyth Hall, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA;3. Illinois Natural History Survey, 1816 S. Oak Street, Champaign, IL 61820, USA;4. Forest Resources and Environmental Conservation, 210 Cheatham Hall, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA;1. Department of Entomology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, People’s Republic of China;2. Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Research, Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210024, People’s Republic of China;3. Amnis Opes Institute and Department of Fisheries & Wildlife, Oregon State University, 2895 SE Glenn, Corvallis, OR 97333, USA;4. Coordenação de Biodiversidade, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Avenida André Araújo, 2.936 Petrópolis, 69067-375, Manaus, AM, Brazil;5. Setor Ecologia, Departamento de Biologia, Universidade Federal de Lavras, CP 3037, 37200-000, Lavras, MG, Brazil;6. Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, 66077-830, Belém, PA, Brazil;7. Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, United Kingdom;8. Departamento de Biologia Geral, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Antônio Carlos 6627, CP 486, CEP 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil;9. Instituto de Ciências e Tecnologia das Águas, Universidade Federal do Oeste do Pará, Avenida Mendonça Furtado, No. 2946, Bairro Fátima, CEP: 68040-470, Santarém, PA, Brazil;10. Laboratório de Hidrologia Florestal, Escola Superior de Agricultura, Universidade de São Paulo, Piracicaba, SP 13418-900, Brazil;11. Embrapa Amazônia Oriental, Travessa Dr. Enéas Pinheiro s/n, CP 48, Belém, PA, 66.095-100, Brazil;12. Laboratório de Ecologia e Conservação, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Rua Augusto Correia, No. 1, Bairro Guamá, CEP: 66075-110, Belém, PA, Brazil;13. Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Avenida Carlos Chagas Filho 373, CCS, Bloco A. CEP 21941-590, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil;1. Université de Toulouse, INP, UPS EcoLab (Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement), 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse, France;2. CNRS, EcoLab, 31062 Toulouse, France;3. Asconit Consultants Caraïbes, ZI Champigny, 97224 Ducos, Martinique, France;4. Asconit Consultants, Parc Scientifique Tony Garnier, 6-8 espace Henry Vallée, 69366 Lyon Cedex 07, France;1. Laboratório de Ecologia de Bentos, Departamento de Biologia Geral, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos 6627, CP 486, CEP 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil;2. Laboratório de Ecologia e Conservação, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Rua Augusto Corrêa 01, CEP 66075-110, Belém, PA, Brazil;3. Departamento de Geografia, Instituto de Geociências, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos 6627, CEP 31207-901, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil;4. Amnis Opes Institute and Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Oregon State University, 104 Nash Hall, 97331-4501 Corvallis, OR, USA |
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| Abstract: | Assessing the ecological impacts of anthropogenic pressures is a key task in environmental management. Multimetric indices (MMIs), based on aquatic assemblage responses to anthropogenic pressures, have been used increasingly throughout the world. The MMI approach is a low-cost, rapid field method that produces an aquatic condition index that responds precisely to anthropogenic pressures, making it useful for conservation and environmental management. We developed four candidate MMIs based on benthic macroinvertebrate assemblages sampled at 40 randomly selected sites to assess the environmental condition of streams upstream of a hydroelectric power plant in the Brazilian Neotropical Savanna biome. Those MMIs were built from landscape-adjusted and unadjusted biological metrics as well as two alternative ways of choosing metrics. The alternative MMIs performances were tested by comparing their precision to distinguish least-disturbed areas, responsiveness to discriminate least- and most-disturbed areas, and sensitivity to anthropogenic pressures at catchment and local scales. The best performing MMI had landscape-adjusted metrics and was produced through use of principal component analysis for metric selection. It included 4 metrics: Ephemeroptera richness, average tolerance score per taxon, percentage of predator individuals, and percentage of Odonata individuals adjusted by elevation. This index discriminated well the anthropogenic pressures at local- and catchment-scales, and at both scales simultaneously, as indicated by an integrated disturbance index. Our methodological development included statistical criteria for identifying least- and most-disturbed sites, calibrating for natural landscape variability, and use of non-redundant metrics. Therefore, we expect it will provide a model for environmental assessment of water resources elsewhere in Brazil and in other nations. |
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| Keywords: | Anthropogenic pressures Bioassessment Land use and cover assessment Site habitat assessment Benthic macroinvertebrates |
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