The scaling rule for environmental organizing systems in a gravitational field

A recent thermodynamics and information study examined the basis of a scaling rule for simple living organisms. The present paper examines a scaling rule for the relationship between the integrated scaled metabolic energy and the mass of a system for a wide range of masses, from animals to the 4He cores of main-sequence stars, considering the effect of gravitational energy. The expected specific scaled energy for animals and the 4He cores of main-sequence stars is 1600 times greater than the specific scaled energy for fundamental living organisms, such as unicellular organisms. This difference results from their organization in a gravitational field or the lack thereof.