Bioremediation and Biorestoration of a Crube Oil-Contaminated Freshwater Wetland on the St.Lawrence River |
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Authors: | Albert D Venosa Kenneth Lee Makram T Suidan Susana Garcia-Blanco Susan Cobanli Moustafa Moteleb John R Haines Gilles Tremblay Melynda Hazelwood |
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Institution: |
a U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, Cincinnati, OH 45268.
b Bedford Institute of Oceanography, Fisheries and Oceans-Canada, Dartmouth, Nova Scotia B2Y 4A2.
c Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221.
d BDR Research, Halifax, NS, Statking Consulting, Fairfield, OH 45014. |
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Abstract: | Biostimulation by nutrient enrichment and phytoremediation were studied for the restoration of an acutely stressed freshwater wetland experimentally exposed to crude oil. The research was carried out along the shores of the St. Lawarence River at Ste. Croix, Quebec, Canada. The research determined the effectiveness of fertilizer addition in enhancing the biodegradation rates of residual oil. It further examined the rate at which the stressed ecosystem recovered with and without the addition of inorganic fertilizers and the role of nutrients in enhancing wetland restoration in the absence of healthy wetland plants. Chemical analysis of integrated sediment core samples to the depth of oil penetration within the experimental plots indicated that addition of inorganic nutrients did not enhance the disappearance of alkanes or PAHs. In surface samples, however, hydrocarbon disappearance rates were higher when the metabolic activity of wetland plants was suppressed by the removal of emergent plant growth. These results suggest that oxygen limitation plays a major role in preventing rapid biodegradation of hydrocarbons in anoxic wetland sediment. |
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Keywords: | bioremediation biostimulation biodegradation phytoremediation nutrient enrichment nutrients nitrogen phosphorus freshwater wetlands crude oil hydrocarbons alkanes PAHs MPNs |
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