新疆野生阿魏蘑的IGS2-RFLP及培养特征多样性分析

对28个新疆野生阿魏蘑样本进行IGS2-RFLP分析和双核体培养特征多样性分析。IGS2-RFLP分析结果表明,3种限制性内切酶共产生的多态性条带比率（PPB）为96.4%,总样本的Shannon信息指数（I）和Nei’s基因多样性指数（H）分别为0.364和0.230,平均相似系数0.665,表明其具有丰富的遗传多样性。在相似系数0.36水平上,UPGMA聚类分析将供试样本分为白灵侧耳和刺芹侧耳阿魏变种两个种群,且白灵侧耳的遗传多样性更为丰富。双核体培养特征多样性分析结果表明,供试样本间在最适生长温度、温度敏感性以及菌落形态等培养特征上具明显差异,基于UPGMA聚类分析大致将供试的野生阿魏蘑样本分为菌丝生长快、菌落形态舒展和菌丝生长慢、菌落局限两大组。双核体培养特征聚类与IGS2-RFLP分析聚类存在一定相关关系,培养特征有可能作为野生阿魏蘑种质鉴定的白灵侧耳的检出标志。

Genetic diversity analysis of wild ferula mushroom based on IGS2-RFLP markers and cultural characteristics

The genetic diversity was estimated based on analysis of IGS2-RFLP markers and cultural characteristics for 28 wild ferula mushrooms collected from Xinjiang Autonomous Region, China. It was showed that the percentage of polymorphic bands (PPB) from three restriction endonucleases was 96.4%, Shannon's information index (I) and Nei’s gene diversity (H) were 0.364 and 0.230, respectively. The average similarity coefficient was 0.665, indicating abundant genetic diversity in the wild resources of ferula mushroom. All the samples could be divided into two groups, Pleurotus eryngii var. tuoliensis and P. eryngii var. ferulae, at similarity of 0.36 based on the UPGMA cluster analysis. The genetic diversity of the former was more abundant than that of the latter. The observation of partial cultural characteristics demonstrated the obvious differences among tested samples in optimum temperature, temperature sensitivity and the morphology of colonies. Twenty-eight samples were roughly clustered into two groups, one was featured by fast growing hyphae and stretched colony and another with slow growing hyphae and limited colony. Correlation analysis showed that the cluster based on cultural characteristics was basically consistent with the results of IGS2-RFLP markers. The cultural characteristics might be served as a trait to identify the samples for P. eryngii var. tuoliensis, but the inference remained to be verified by using much more samples.