The co-administration of proanthocyanidins and an obesogenic diet prevents the increase in intestinal permeability and metabolic endotoxemia derived to the diet |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE;2. Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA;1. Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Cordoba, Spain;2. CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Córdoba, Spain;3. Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, University of Cordoba, Córdoba, Spain;4. Nutrition and Genomics Laboratory, J.M.-US Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA;5. IMDEA Alimentación, Madrid, Spain;6. CNIC, Madrid, Spain;1. HOPE Cardiometabolic Research Team and Department of Physiology, College of Health Sciences, University of Ilorin, Nigeria;2. Cardiovascular Unit, Department of Physiology, College of Health sciences, Osun State University, Osogbo, Nigeria;3. Department of Public Health, Kwara State University, Malete, Nigeria;4. Cardiovascular Research Institute and Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 700-842, Republic of Korea;1. Food and Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada, R3T 2N2;2. Canadian Centre for Agri-Food Research in Health and Medicine, St. Boniface Hospital Research Centre, Winnipeg, MB, Canada, R2H 2A6;3. Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St. Boniface Hospital Research Centre, Winnipeg, MB, Canada, R2H 2A6. |
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| Abstract: | The consumption of Westernized diets leads to hyperphagia and obesity, as well as intestinal alterations. In the present study, we evaluated the effect of the administration of a grape seed proanthocyanidin extract (GSPE) at different time points on the modulation of intestinal barrier function (intestinal permeability and metabolic endotoxemia), in rats with high-fat/high-carbohydrate diet-induced obesity. Animals were fed a cafeteria diet (CAF) supplemented with a preventive (PRE-CAF) or simultaneously intermittent (SIT-CAF) GSPE treatment (500 mg/kg bw). Changes in the plasma levels of an orally administered marker of intestinal permeability (ovalbumin, OVA), lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were analyzed after animals were fed the obesogenic diet for 8, 12 and 17 weeks. In addition, ex vivo variations in transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER), the expression of tight junction (TJ) genes and the activity of myeloperoxidase (MPO) in the small and large intestines were monitored at the end of the experiment. The CAF diet increased OVA, LPS, MPO and TNF-α levels, accompanied by decreased TEER values in the small and large intestines. Interestingly, both GSPE treatments prevented these detrimental effects of the CAF diet, being the SIT-CAF group the most effective after 17 weeks of diet intervention. For the first time, this study provides evidence of the ameliorative effect of a proanthocyanidin extract, administered before or together with an obesogenic diet, on barrier dysfunction, as measured by intestinal permeability and metabolic endotoxemia. |
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