Lycopene mitigates β-amyloid induced inflammatory response and inhibits NF-κB signaling at the choroid plexus in early stages of Alzheimer’s disease rats |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Physiology, Basic Medical Science Building, Huzhou University, 313000, Huzhou, People''s Republic of China;2. Department of Physiology, Basic Medical Science College, Wenzhou Medical University, 325035, Wenzhou, People''s Republic of China;3. Central Blood Station of Huzhou City, 313020, Huzhou, People''s Republic of China;1. Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Brain Disease Bioinformation, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, PR China;2. Laboratory of Morphology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, PR China;3. Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, PR China;4. School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, PR China;5. Department of Geratology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, PR China;6. Department of Medical Information, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, PR China;7. Department of Genetics, Research Center for Neurobiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, PR China;1. College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China;2. Northeastern Science Inspection Station, China Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Pathogen Biology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China;1. Programa de Pós-graduação em Tecnologia de Alimentos, Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Medianeira, PR 85884-000, Brazil;2. Departamento de Fisiologia, Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná, Cascavel, PR 85819-110, Brazil;3. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil;4. Programa de Pós-graduação em Tecnologia e Ciência dos Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil |
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| Abstract: | The choroid plexus is able to modulate the cognitive function, through changes in the neuroinflammatory response and in brain immune surveillance. However, whether lycopene is involved in inflammatory responses at the choroid plexus in the early stages of Alzheimer's disease, and its molecular underpinnings are elusive. In this rat study, lycopene was used to investigate its protective effects on inflammation caused by β-amyloid. We characterized the learning and memory abilities, cytokine profiles of circulating TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6β in the serum and the expressions of Toll like receptor 4 and nuclear factor-κB p65 mRNA and protein at the choroid plexus. The results showed that functional deficits of learning and memory in lycopene treatment groups were significantly improved compared to the control group without lycopene treatment in water maze test. The levels of serum TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6β were significantly increased, and the expressions of TLR4 and NF-κB p65 mRNA and protein at the choroid plexus were up-regulated, indicating inflammation response was initiated following administration of Aβ1–42. After intragastric pretreatment with lycopene, inflammatory cytokines were significantly reduced and lycopene also reversed the Aβ1–42 induced up-regulation of TLR4 and NF-κB p65 mRNA and protein expressions at the choroid plexus. These results provided a novel evidence that lycopene significantly improved cognitive deficits and were accompanied by the attenuation of inflammatory injury via blocking the activation of NF-κB p65 and TLR4 expressions and production of cytokines, thereby endorsing its usefulness for diminishing β-amyloid deposition in the hippocampus tissues. |
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