有机框架材料在多肽富集的应用

生物医药领域近年来发展迅猛，多肽类药物因其生物学活性高、毒性小、生物相容性好等优势，在肿瘤治疗、细胞活性模拟、抗体检测等领域展开广泛应用，多肽的检测分析也成为研究的一大热点。传统的色谱法、溶剂沉淀法、离心超滤法和固相萃取法对多肽能够展现富集效果，但富集的效率往往不够理想。近年来，以有机框架材料为代表的纳米材料，在气体吸附、荧光、传感和催化等领域展开了广泛应用。有机框架材料凭借着独特的结构尺寸，成为了一类理想的生物吸附剂。由于其具有表面可修饰性，能够大大提高对多肽的富集效率。本文着重介绍近5年来金属-有机框架材料（metalorganic frameworks,MOFs）和共价-有机框架（covalent-organic frameworks,COFs）在多肽富集中的应用。

The Application of Organic Framework Materials for Peptide Enrichment

Due to their high biological activity, low toxicity, and superior biocompatibility, peptides are often utilized in cancer therapy, cellular activity simulation, and antibody detection. As a result, the detection and analysis of peptides has grown into a significant area of research. The direct detection of peptides by mass spectrometry frequently encounters significant interference, and the outcomes are frequently disappointing. Organic frameworks with plentiful pore size, large specific surface area, and simple surface functionalization are currently prevalent materials for peptide enrichment. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and covalent-organic frameworks (COFs) have been used for enriching glycopeptides, phosphopeptides, and endogenous peptides.Protein glycosylation and phosphorylation are the most common post-translational modifications of proteins. Since common organic frameworks have a limited affinity for post-translationally modification peptides and their enrichment impact is not what is expected, several researchers have tried to design functional organic framework materials to obtain effective peptide enrichment. Hydrophilic nanoparticles have a particular affinity for glycosyl groups and have the distinct benefit of not creating enrichment bias when capturing glycopeptides. Hydrophilic organic framework materials may be changed with hydrophilic groups, hydrophilic chemicals, and magnetic functionalization to enhance glycopeptides through hydrogen bonding, electrostatic interactions, and van der Waals forces, building on the synthesis of hydrophilic nanomaterials. The great majority of organic frameworks are made up of organic ligands that particularly bind to phosphate group.The chelation between metals, metal oxides, and phosphate groups provides the basis for capturing the peptides by organic frameworks. Therefore, in order to achieve effective phosphopeptide enrichment, numerous organic frameworks have tried to increase the affinity between organic frameworks and phosphate groups by ligand replacement, ionic ligand modification, and modification. This paper focuses on the principles and applications of MOFs and COFs for peptide enrichment in the last five years.