紫苏叶可促进中国大鲵生长并改善部分生理功能

为研究紫苏叶在大鲵日粮中的生物学效果,配制4组不同紫苏叶含量的等氮等脂实验饲料:D0(0)、D1(1%)、D2(2%)和D3(3%),饲喂初始体质量为(54.23±0.26) g的大鲵105d。结果显示:(1)大鲵终末均重(FBW)、增重率(WGR)、特定生长率(SGR)和摄食量均在D2组达到最优,且饲料系数(FCR)最低。(2)D2组肌肉粗蛋白含量最优,显著高于对照组;粗脂肪含量随紫苏叶添加量增加有下降趋势,但不显著;水分含量变化不明显。(3)紫苏叶添加能显著提高胃肠功能,胃蛋白酶活性、H+-K+-ATP酶活性在D1组最佳;肠道脂肪酶活性、Na+-K+-ATP酶活性及肠道屏障功能在D2组最佳;肠道胰蛋白酶活性和淀粉酶活性在D3组最佳。(4)当紫苏叶添加量为2%时,肝脏和肠道总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)、总超氧化物歧化酶(T-SOD)活性显著升高,血浆丙二醛(MDA)含量显著降低。(5)紫苏叶添加能改善免疫及肝功能,显著降低血浆中谷草转氨酶(AST)、谷丙转氨酶(ALT)和碱性磷酸酶(AKP)活性;免疫球蛋白M(IgM)和一氧化氮(NO)含量分别在D2和D3组显著提高。(6)D2组的高密...

PERILLA LEAVES CAN PROMOTE THE GROWTH AND SOME PHYSIOLOGICAL FUNCTIONS OF CHINESE GIANT SALAMANDER (ANDRIAS DAVIDIANUS)

In order to study the biological effect of adding perilla leaves on giant salamander, four groups of isonitrogen and isolipid diets with graded levels of perilla leaves were formulated: D0 (0), D1 (1%), D2 (2%) and D3 (3%). Giant salamander with an initial weight of (54.23±0.26) g were fed for 105d. The results showed that (1) The final body weight (FBW), weight gain rate (WGR), specific growth rate (SGR), and feed intake of giant salamander of group D2 were optimized, and the feed conversion ratio (FCR) was the lowest. (2) The muscle crude protein content of group D2 was the highest, which was significantly higher than that in the control group. The addition of perilla leaves had no significant effect on the crude fat content and the moisture content. (3) The addition of perilla leaves significantly improved gastrointestinal function with best activities of pepsin and H+-K+-ATPase in group D1, best Intestinal lipase, Na+-K+-ATPase activity and intestinal barrier function in group D2, and best activities of intestinal trypsin and amylase in group D3. (4) 2%, Perilla leaves significantly increased the total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) and total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) activities in liver and intestine, and significantly reduced the plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) content. (5) The addition of perilla leaves improved immunity and liver function and significantly reduced the activities of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT) and alkaline phosphatase (AKP) in plasma. Immunoglobulin M (IgM) and nitric oxide (NO) in groups D2 and D3 were increased significantly. (6) The indexes of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) in group D2 were the best. The content of total cholesterol (TC) decreased with the increased perilla leaves, but the content of triglyceride (TG) did not change significantly. These results indicated that the addition of 2% perilla leaves has the best comprehensive effect on improving growth performance and gastrointestinal and liver function of giant salamander.